存在转移成本和网络效应的动态双头竞争—考虑技术输入和新进消费者的情形

A Dynamic Duopolistic Competition Model with Transfer Cost and Network Effect—The Case of Technology Import and New-Coming Consumers

摘要: 本文在标准Hotelling横向差异化模型的基础上，引入技术输入和新进消费者研究两期动态博弈过程中转移成本和网络效应对动态均衡结果的影响。研究发现网络效应会提高需求价格弹性，同时增强厂商的价格竞争并且放大技术差距的影响；而转移成本会降低价格弹性、减少消费者剩余；技术输入不仅对消费者效用有影响，同时还会改变市场份额和均衡价格。最后，根据研究的结果本文从技术输入和转移成本的角度提出了控制市场力量、促进竞争的政策建议。

Abstract: Based on the Hotelling horizontal differentiation model, this paper introduces both technology import and new-coming consumers to explore how the transfer cost and network effect influence the dynamic equilibrium of a two-stage game. We find that the network effect will increase the price elasticity of demand, enhance price competition among firms, and amplify the impact of technology gap, whereas the transfer cost will reduce the price elasticity and decrease consumer surplus. Moreover, technology import not only affects consumers’ utility, but also changes the market share and the equilibrium price. Finally, we put forward policy suggestions of controlling market power and promoting competition from the perspective of technology import and transfer cost.