改性粉煤灰处理含铅废水的试验研究

Experimental Study on Lead-Containing Waste Water Treatment by Modified Fly Ash

摘要: 针对废水中铅含量超标严重的现象，选用酸改性粉煤灰作为吸附材料，对含铅废水进行进化处理。利用单因素和正交试验法考查了改性粉煤灰粒径、吸附时间、吸附温度、体系pH值等因素对铅去除率的影响。结果表明：1) 各因素对改性粉煤灰除铅影响的大小顺序为：粉煤灰粒径 > 吸附温度 = 体系pH值 > 吸附时间。2) 在粉煤灰粒径200目、吸附温度为30℃、吸附时间2 h、体系pH = 6的条件下，废水中铅的去除率达到98.40%，处理后Pb²⁺的质量浓度低于0.80 mg/L，达到了GB 8978-2002《污水综合排放标准》的要求。3) 改性粉煤灰对Pb²⁺的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型。

Abstract: According to the phenomenon of lead exceeds the standard in the environmental water body, acid modified fly ash was used as adsorbent material for purifying waste water containing lead. Effect factors such as particle size, adsorption time, adsorption temperature and pH value on the removal rate of lead were investigated by using a single factor method and orthogonal test method. The magnitude order of the effect of various factors on the removal of lead by fly ash was particle size of fly ash > adsorption temperature = pH value > adsorption time. Under the condition that the fly ash particle size is 200 meshes, the adsorption temperature is 30˚C, the adsorption time is 2 hours, and the pH value is 6, the removal rate of lead in waste water was 98.40%. The concentration of Pb²⁺ after treatment was lower than that of 0.80 mg/L, and reached the requirement of GB 8978-2002 “waste water comprehensive discharge standard”. The adsorption model of Pb²⁺ with modified fly ash was in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption model.