国际商事争议的解决——以判决的承认与执行为视角

Resolution of International Commercial Disputes—From the Perspective of Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments

摘要: 在国际商事争议解决中，国际商事诉讼作为其主要路径之一，其作用正日益得到重视。不同于仲裁裁决在承认与执行上所取得的进展，国际社会尚未在外国民商事判决承认与执行问题上取得广泛性共识，这对当事人选择国际诉讼作为争议解决方式构成了实质障碍。海牙国际私法会议以管辖权为线索，在推进外国民商事判决的承认与执行上作出了持续努力，业已通过的《选择法院协议公约》《海牙判决公约》规定了协议管辖和间接管辖权的有关事项，构成外国民商事判决承认与执行重要的法律渊源。会议继续推进的“管辖权项目”对直接管辖权的基础等问题的磋商，也将进一步推进该领域更多共识的取得。在推进国际商事纠纷多元解决机制构建的背景下，我国应进一步完善承认与执行外国民商事判决相关的法律制度，积极参与国际社会此领域的条约协商与合作，贡献中国智慧。

Abstract: In the area of international commercial dispute resolution, the role of international com-mercial litigation is gaining increasing importance as one of the main routes. Unlike the progress made in the recognition and enforcement of arbitration awards, the international community has not yet reached a broad consensus on the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in civil and commercial matters, which constitutes a significant obstacle to parties choosing international litigation as a means of dispute resolution. The Hague Conference on Private International Law has made sustained efforts to promote the recognition and enforcement of judgments along the lines of jurisdiction. The Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements and the Hague Judgments Con-vention, which have been concluded, provide for matters relating to agreed jurisdiction and indirect jurisdiction and constitute an important source of law for the recognition and enforcement of judg-ments. The consultation on issues such as the basis of direct jurisdiction under the “Jurisdiction project”, which the conference continues to explore, will also further advance the international community’s consensus in the area of recognition and enforcement of judgments. In the context of promoting the construction of a pluralistic mechanism for the settlement of international commer-cial disputes, China should further improve the relevant legal system for the recognition and en-forcement of judgments, actively participate in the international community’s treaty negotiations and cooperation in this area, and contribute Chinese wisdom.