中小学生心理危机干预“家校社医”协同机制建设与实施

Building and Implementing a “Home-School-Community-Health” Collaborative Mechanism for Psychological Crisis Intervention in Primary and Middle School Students

摘要: 随着社会经济快速发展，儿童青少年心理健康问题日益突出。中小学生心理危机频发，原因复杂多样，未及时解决将广泛影响情绪、思维、身体和行为。尽管心理健康工作者们已做出许多令人佩服的工作和探索，但仍面临家庭教育偏重智力培养，学校危机处理能力不足、精神医疗资源紧缺、制度体系待完善等问题。同时，协同机制建设和学生心理健康网络筛选评估系统的建立也存在困难和挑战。因此，本研究在已有研究基础上，基于社会生态系统理论探索以区县社会心理服务中心为枢纽，家庭、学校、社会机构和医疗机构为主要参与方的“家校社医”心理危机干预体系，并提出可行的心理危机干预“家校社医”协同机制实施路径，旨在为中小学生心理健康事业的发展提供重要的理论和实践指导。

Abstract: With the rapid development of the socio-economic landscape, the mental health issues among chil-dren and adolescents have become increasingly prominent. Psychological crises are prevalent among primary and middle school students, with complex and diverse underlying causes. Failure to address these crises promptly can have a widespread impact on emotions, thoughts, physical health, and behaviors. Despite the admirable efforts and explorations made by mental health professionals, challenges persist, such as an educational emphasis on intellectual development in families, inade-quate crisis management capabilities in schools, a shortage of mental health resources, and the need for an improved institutional framework. Simultaneously, the establishment of collaborative mechanisms and the development of a student psychological health network screening and evalua-tion system face difficulties and challenges. Therefore, building upon prior research, this study, grounded in the social-ecological systems theory, delves into a psychological crisis intervention system that revolves around county-level social psychological service centers, with active participa-tion from families, schools, social organizations, and medical institutions. Furthermore, it outlines a practical roadmap for implementing a collaborative “family-school- community-medical” approach to psychological crisis intervention. The overarching goal is to offer substantial theoretical and practical guidance for the advancement of the mental well-being of primary and secondary school students.