跨文化认知语用维度框架下中英致歉语对比与分析

A Contrastive Analysis of Chinese and English Apologies within the Framework of Cross-Cultural Cognitive Pragmatics

摘要: 在全球化盛行发展时代下，跨文化交际避不可免，其中礼貌语作为语用交际中至关重要的一环，对推动交际活动的顺畅开展起到不可替代的作用。在不同文化语境下，交际者在交往活动中所使用的礼貌语可以映射出其背后受文化氛围影响的礼貌认知。道歉语则是礼貌交际中最为常见的语用表达之一，是冒犯者做出破坏人际关系和谐的冒犯行为后，意在重建和谐人际关系以进行的弥补性话语行为。本文运用杨文慧学者建构的四层礼貌认知理论框架，从认知语用学的角度，分别从普世、公民、职业、个人认知层面评定礼貌言语，对中英致歉语篇进行对比与分析。

Abstract: In the era of rapid development of globalization, cross-cultural communication is inevitable. As a crucial link in language communication, polite language plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the smooth advancement of communicative activities. Under different cultural contexts, the polite language applied by communicators can in some way reflect their polite cognition unconsciously influenced by the cultural atmosphere. Apology is one of the most common languages in polite communication. It can be seen as the compensatory discourse behavior used by the offender to rebuild the harmony of interpersonal relations after committing offensive acts. Employing the four-layer politeness-cognitive theory framework constructed by Yang, this paper aims to evaluate polite discourse from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, making a comparative analysis between the Chinese and English apology discourse from universal cognition, civil cognition, professional cognition and individual cognitive dimensions.