天津近岸渔港水质空间分布特征评价

Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Water Quality in Tianjin Coastal Fishing Port

摘要: 本研究基于改进的TOPSIS构建了EWT模型，并结合空间差值、多元统计等方法对天津近岸渔港水环境质量、水质空间分布、污染特征及成因进行了综合分析。通过构建EWT模型，对天津近岸渔港水环境质量作出评价，并根据优劣程度进行了排名。从研究结论可以看出，渔船舱底含油污水对研究区域水环境的影响程度要大于生活污水的影响；pH、DO、COD和石油类等污染因子受舱底含油污水的排放的影响较大，无机氮、非离子氨、活性磷酸盐等污染因子受生活污水的排放影响较大。本研究有效的收集和系统化的管理能够有效缓解渔船活动对近岸造成污染，沿海各渔港应针对在完善含油废水收集的基础上，加强生活污水的收集管理措施，从而达到提高近岸水环境质量的目的。

Abstract: This study constructed an EWT model based on an improved TOPSIS, and comprehensively analyzed the water environment quality, water quality spatial distribution, pollution characteristics, and causes of Tianjin nearshore fishing ports using methods such as spatial difference and multivariate statistics. By constructing the EWT model, the water environment quality of Tianjin coastal fishing port is evaluated and ranked according to the quality. It can be seen from the study conclusion that the influence of oil sewage in the bottom of fishing boats on the water environment in the study area is greater than that of domestic sewage. Pollution factors such as pH, DO, COD and petroleum are greatly affected by the discharge of oil sewage from the cabin, while pollution factors such as inorganic nitrogen, non-ionic ammonia and active phosphate are greatly affected by the discharge of domestic sewage. This study’s effectively collection and systematic management can effectively alleviate the pollution caused by the activities of fishing boats. The coastal fishing ports in the coastal areas should strengthen the collection and management measures of domestic sewage on the basis of improving the collection of oily wastewater, so as to improve the quality of coastal water environment.