社会支持理论视阈下流动儿童的社区融入研究——以H市C社区为例

Research on the Community Integration of Migrant Children from the Perspective of Social Support Theory—Taking Community C in City H as an Example

摘要: 本研究基于社会支持理论，以浙江省H市C社区为案例，通过深入访谈、问卷调查等方法深入社区收集、分析数据，探讨流动儿童社区融入的困境与解决路径。研究发现，流动儿童呈现显著的租房居住多、户籍人口少；双职工家庭多、本地亲属少；“候鸟式”居留多、长期融入少的“三多三少”特征，其家庭与社区双向沟通不足，社区资源分配等困境。通过构建“双网四维–三阶适应”模型，讨论了社会支持理论在流动儿童研究中的适用性，强调了支持网络动态性的重要性，并针对上述出现的问题提出了打通沟通渠道、完善社区资源分配的具体实施路径。研究强调需从“应急帮扶”转向“系统性融入”，通过制度重构与社区赋能的协同机制，推动流动儿童实现从“基本生活需求满足”到“发展机会获取”的跨越。

Abstract: This study is based on social support theory and takes C Community in H City, Zhejiang Province as a case study. Through in-depth interviews, questionnaire surveys, and other methods, data is collected and analyzed in the community to explore the difficulties and solutions for the integration of migrant children into the community. The study found that migrant children had significantly more rental housing and less registered residence population; There are more dual income families and fewer local relatives; The “three highs and three lows” characteristics of “migratory bird style” residence and long-term integration are characterized by insufficient two-way communication between families and communities, as well as difficulties in community resource allocation. By constructing a “dual network four-dimensional third-order adaptation” model, this paper discusses the applicability of social support theory in the study of migrant children, emphasizes the importance of dynamic support networks, and proposes specific implementation paths to open up communication channels and improve community resource allocation in response to the above-mentioned problems. The study emphasizes the need to shift from “emergency assistance” to “systematic integration”, and promote the transition of migrant children from “Basic living needs met” to “Access to development opportunities” through a collaborative mechanism of institutional restructuring and community empowerment.