超声引导下颈内静脉穿刺置管在小儿中的应用进展
Application Progress of Ultrasound-Guided Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation in Pediatric Patients
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15123570, PDF,   
作者: 王 顺, 刘立飞*：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院麻醉科，儿童少年健康与疾病国家临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，重庆；儿童代谢与炎症性疾病重庆市重点实验室，重庆
关键词: 颈内静脉穿刺置管；小儿；超声引导；Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation； Pediatric； Ultrasound Guidance
摘要: 颈内静脉是小儿常用的中心静脉穿刺血管，颈内静脉穿刺置管是临床生命支持和循环监测的重要措施，但小儿由于血管的生理解剖特点，静脉细小，颈部短，操作空间狭窄，大大增加了穿刺的难度。随着超声可视化技术的发展，超声引导下的中心静脉穿刺显著提高了穿刺成功率，减少了并发症的发生率。本文就超声引导颈内静脉穿刺置管在小儿中的研究进展现状进行综述，重点探讨与比较了改良动态针尖定位技术与实时双平面等新技术的原理与应用，以期为临床麻醉医生掌握相关技术提供参考。
Abstract: The internal jugular vein (IJV) is a commonly used site for central venous cannulation in pediatric patients. IJV cannulation serves as a critical measure for clinical life support and hemodynamic monitoring. However, the procedure is technically challenging in children due to their unique physiological and anatomical characteristics, such as small vein diameter, short neck, and limited operating space. With the advancement of ultrasound visualization technology, ultrasound-guided central venous cannulation has significantly improved the success rate and reduced the incidence of complications. This article reviews the current research progress in ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation in pediatric patients, with a particular focus on comparing the principles and applications of novel techniques like the modified dynamic needle tip positioning (MDNTP) and real-time biplane ultrasound guidance, aiming to provide a reference for anesthesiologists to master these relevant techniques.
文章引用：王顺, 刘立飞. 超声引导下颈内静脉穿刺置管在小儿中的应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(12): 1604-1610. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15123570

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