创造力培养：生成学习理论及其与生成式人工智能的潜在合作

Cultivating Creativity: Generative and Enactive Learning Perspectives and Their Potential Collaboration with Generative Artificial Intelligence

摘要: 学习作为影响创造力的重要因素之一，不仅为创造性思维提供必要的材料和实践机会，培养学习者的认知技能，还通过营造有利于探索与表达的环境，激发学习者的创造潜能。生成性学习与生成取向学习视角为理解这一过程提供了全面的理论框架：生成性学习强调学习者通过主动选择、组织和整合信息来构建有意义的知识，而生成取向学习则强调身体行动与情境嵌入互动在学习中的不可分割作用。两者共同将学习概念化为一种主动性、建构性和具身性的过程。基于此框架，动作化学习和自我生成教学作为两种重要的实践形式，通过强调学习者的主动参与和知识生成，为理解生成学习如何支持创造力提供了依据。本文通过梳理生成学习理论的最新进展，并结合时代前沿成果——生成式人工智能技术，旨在为创造力的培养提供新的视角与启发。

Abstract: Learning serves as one of the critical factors influencing creativity. It not only provides learners with the necessary materials and opportunities for creative thinking and cultivates cognitive skills, but also fosters an environment that supports exploration and expression, thereby stimulating creative potential. Generative and Enactive Learning perspectives provide a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding this process. The Generative Learning emphasizes learners’ active selection, organization, and integration of information to construct meaningful knowledge, while the Enactive Learning highlights the inseparable role of bodily action and context-embedded interaction in learning. Together, these perspectives conceptualize learning as an active, constructive, and embodied process. Derived from this theoretical frame, learning by enacting and learning by non-interactive teaching represent two prominent practical approaches, providing a basis for understanding how Generative and Enactive Learning support creativity by emphasizing learners’ active engagement and knowledge construction. By reviewing the latest advancements in Generative and Enactive Learning and integrating them with Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI)—a hallmark of contemporary technological progress—this paper aims to offer novel perspectives and insights for the systematic cultivation of creativity.