社区环境对农村老年人身心健康的影响研究——基于CFPS 2016~2020的分层模型研究

Research on the Impact of Community Environment on the Physical and Mental Health of Rural Elderly People—Research on Layered Model Based on CFPS 2016~2020

摘要: 目的：社区环境作为WHO健康社会影响因素模型中的重要因素之一，也是影响农村老年人身心健康的关键因素，探讨社区环境状况对农村老年人身心健康的影响亟待关注。方法：本文2016~2020年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据，利用“时间—个人”分层Logistic模型实证分析社区环境对我国农村老年人身心健康的影响。结果：跟踪期内随着时间变化，老年人生理、心理不健康概率呈现倒U型变化，自评不健康概率呈U型变化；社区物理环境和社区社会环境均对农村老年人生理、心理及自评健康有正向促进作用。结论：社区环境对农村老年人身心健康影响的重要性，建议改善社区物理环境和社会环境来促进农村老年人身心健康。

Abstract: Objective: Community environment, as one of the important factors in the WHO model of health and social impact factors, is also a key factor affecting the physical and mental health of rural elderly people. Exploring the impact of community environmental conditions on the physical and mental health of rural elderly people urgently requires attention. Method: This paper empirically analyzes the impact of community environment on the physical and mental health of rural elderly in China using the “time individual” hierarchical logistic model based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data from 2016 to 2020. Results: Research has found that over time during the tracking pe-riod, the probability of physically and psychologically unhealthy elderly people shows an inverted U-shaped change, while the probability of self-rated unhealthy people shows a U-shaped change; both the physical and social environment in the community have a positive promoting effect on the physical, psychological, and self-assessment health of rural elderly people. Conclusion: The results show the importance of community environment on the physical and mental health of rural elderly people. It is recommended to improve the physical and social environment of the community to promote the physical and mental health of rural elderly people.