高一学生情绪智力对心理适应的影响：应对方式的中介作用

The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Psychological Adaptation of Senior High School Students of Grade One: The Mediating Role of Coping Style

摘要: 为考察高一学生情绪智力对心理适应的影响，并探索应对方式是否在两者之间起中介作用，本研究选取四川省某普通公立中学高一年级380名学生作为研究对象，采用《情绪智力量表》《简易应对方式问卷》和《青少年心理适应性量表》进行施测，应用SPSS 23.0进行数据处理分析。结果发现，高一学生情绪智力与心理适应、应对方式均呈现两两显著相关；积极应对在情绪智力和心理适应之间存在部分中介作用，消极应对在情绪智力与心理适应之间存在遮掩效应。研究得出结论：高一学生情绪智力总体呈现中上水平，更多采用积极的应对方式，心理适应总体呈现中等水平；积极应对在情绪智力和心理适应之间具有部分中介作用，消极应对在情绪智力与心理适应之间存在遮掩效应。为了进一步提升高一学生的心理适应能力，研究提出两点教育建议：一是注重培养学生运用和管理情绪的能力；二是家校联合，帮助学生积极应对挫折。

Abstract: In order to investigate the influence of emotional intelligence on psychological adaptation of senior high school students of grade one, and to explore whether coping style plays an intermediary role between them, this study selects 380 students in the first grade of a senior high school in Sichuan Province as the research object. The Emotional Intelligence Scale, Simple Coping Style Questionnaire and Adolescent Psychological Adaptability Scale were used for measurement, and SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis. The results showed that the emotional intelligence is significantly correlated with psychological adaptation and coping style. Positive coping has a partial mediating effect be-tween emotional intelligence and psychological adaptation, and negative coping has a masking ef-fect between emotional intelligence and psychological adaptation. The research draws the following conclusions. The overall level of emotional intelligence of high school students is in the upper mid-dle level, more positive coping styles are adopted, and the overall level of psychological adaptation is in the middle level; positive coping has a partial mediating effect between emotional intelligence and psychological adaptation, and negative coping has a masking effect between emotional intelli-gence and psychological adaptation. In order to further improve the psychological adaptation abil-ity of high school students, this study puts forward two educational suggestions. The first is to focus on cultivating students’ ability to use and manage emotions; the second is that home-school alliance helps students to overcome setbacks positively.