延长秋色叶挂叶期的综合养护方法

Comprehensive Maintenance Methods to Prolong the Period of Autumn Foliage Hanging on Trees

摘要: 为改善上海地区秋季色叶树种景观效果，探索延长秋色叶转色后的挂叶期。以双子叶落叶植物为对象，开展其叶片脱落机理研究，探索延长其秋叶挂叶期的措施方法，一是利用乙烯生物合成抑制剂(AVG)将植物内源乙烯控制在较低水平，二是利用木质素和AVG抑制叶柄离区的水解脱落，三是通过摆脱干旱胁迫、盐害胁迫等日常养护措施来抑制逆境乙烯的生成，四是针对促进花青素、类胡萝卜素的合成和稳定性，来提升不同类型秋色叶的挂叶呈色效果。因此，在不影响树木正常生长和色叶景观效果前提下，采用激素(AVG)和酶解抑制、色素稳定性调控以及生长环境改良均能一定时长地延长挂叶期，其中调控色素稳定性应分别色素类型区别对待，Na 、Zn² 为普适性离子调节剂。

Abstract: In order to improve the effect of autumn leaf landscape effect in Shanghai, the hanging period of autumn foliage after changing color was explored. To study the leaf shedding mechanism of deciduous dicotyledonous plants and analyze the target principles of prolonging the hanging period. Firstly, ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor (AVG) is used to control the endogenous ethylene at a low level; secondly, lignin and AVG are used to inhibit the hydrolytic shedding of petiole isolated areas; thirdly, ethylene production under stress is prevented by daily maintenance measures such as getting rid of drought stress and salt damage stress. The fourth is to promote the synthesis and stability of anthocyanins and carotenoids to enhance the color effect of hanging leaves of different types of autumn color leaves. Therefore, on the premise of not affecting the normal growth of trees and the effect of colored leaf landscape, the use of hormone (AVG) and enzymolysis inhibition, pigment stability regulation and growth environment improvement can prolong the hanging period for a certain period of time. The stability of regulated pigments should be treated differently according to the pigment type, and Na and Zn² are universal ion regulators.