加缪《局外人》与马克思异化理论的对话

Camus’ The Outsider in Dialogue with Marx’s Theory of Alienation

摘要: 在阿尔贝·加缪的文学作品中，“荒诞”不仅是其创作的鲜明烙印，更是对现代人类生存状态的深刻洞察。其中，“异化”作为荒诞文学的核心议题之一，通过《局外人》这部作品得到了淋漓尽致的展现。鉴于异化理论在马克思思想体系中的核心地位，本文旨在深入剖析《局外人》中默尔索所经历的个体与自我、社会即存在本质的异化图景，并以此为镜，探讨其与马克思异化理论之间的共鸣与差异，进而揭示两者在批判现代性、探索人类解放路径上的不同视角与共同追求。

Abstract: In Albert Camus’s literary works, “dystopia” is not only the distinctive mark of his creation but also a profound insight into the state of modern human existence. Among them, “alienation,” as one of the core issues of dystopian literature, has been fully demonstrated through the work of “The Outsider.” In view of the central position of alienation theory in Marx’s thought system, this paper aims to deeply analyze the alienation of individual and self, society, and the nature of existence experienced by Meursault in “The Outsider” and use it as a mirror to explore the resonance and difference between it and Marx’s theory of alienation, so as to reveal the different perspectives and common pursuits of both of them in the criticism of modernity and the exploration of the path of human emancipation.