法国医疗保险制度体系

French Health Insurance System

摘要: 法国医疗保险是法国仅次于养老保险的第二大保险，由基本医疗保险和补充医疗保险组成，基本覆盖了法国全部人口。在资金筹集方面，法国实行混合筹资体系，根据人口职业的不同，缴费比例也不同；在待遇给付方面，法国采取滞后报销制，社会保险基金不仅用于疾病、工伤、职业病产生的医疗费用，还应用于疾病、工伤、职业病的预防和老年防护领域。但近年来，随着医疗保险支出费用过高，财政入不敷出，法国医疗处于改革的十字路口。

Abstract: French health insurance is the second largest insurance in France after pension insurance, consisting of basic health insurance and supplementary health insurance, basically covering the whole population of France. In terms of fund-raising, France adopts a mixed fund-raising system, with different contribution ratios depending on the occupation of the population; in terms of the payment of benefits, France adopts a delayed reimbursement system, whereby the social insurance fund is used not only for medical expenses arising from illnesses, work-related injuries and occupational diseases, but also for the prevention of illnesses, work-related injuries and occupational diseases and for protection in old age. However, in recent years, with the high cost of health insurance spending and the financial gap between revenues and expenditures, French health care is at a crossroads of reform.