改进鲸鱼优化算法解决存在紧急需求的VRPSPD

Improving Whale Optimization Algorithm for VRPSPD with Urgent Orders

摘要: 针对在配送途中客户出现紧急需求的同时送取货车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup-Delivery, VRPSPD)，以油耗和等待成本最小、客户满意度最优为目标，建立紧急需求下的同时送取货车辆路径优化模型，提出一种改进鲸鱼优化算法进行求解，合理规划配送路线。为了增强鲸鱼优化算法跳出局部最优的能力，分别在收缩包围行为、气泡捕食行为中引入顺序交叉(OX)机制与基于位置的交叉(PBX)机制，并增加个体在搜索觅食行为中的随机性。仿真实验表明，改进后的算法能够得到符合约束条件且更经济的路线，证明其在问题求解中的有效性与优越性。

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of simultaneous delivery and pickup vehicle paths when customers have urgent demands during the delivery route, with the optimization objective of minimizing the fuel cost, waiting cost, and maximizing customer satisfaction, we establish a simultaneous delivery and pickup vehicle path optimization model under urgent demands and propose an improved whale optimization algorithm for solving the problem to reasonably plan the delivery routes. To enhance the ability of the whale algorithm to jump out of the local optimum, the OX and the PBX are introduced in the contraction encircling and the bubble foraging and increase the randomness of individuals in the prey searching. Simulation experiments show that the improved algorithm can obtain a more economical route that meets the constraints, proving its effectiveness and superiority in problem-solving.