小金丹及其联合治疗方案治疗甲状腺结节有效性及安全性的Meta分析

Efficacy and Safety of Xiaojindan and Its Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Thyroid Nodules: A Meta-Analysis

摘要: 目的：系统评价小金丹及其联合治疗方案治疗甲状腺结节的有效性及安全性。方法：计算机检索CBM、WanFang Data、CNKI、VIP、PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库，搜集有关小金丹及其联合治疗方案治疗甲状腺结节的随机对照试验(RCTS)，检索时限均为建库至2024年10月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后，采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入8个RCTS，包括692例患者。Meta分析结果显示：与对照组相比，小金丹组的总有效率明显更高[RR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.18, 1.44), p < 0.00001]，并且能有效控制和缩小甲状腺结节大小[MD = −2.36, 95% CI (−3.77, −0.95), p = 0.001]，减少不良反应的发生[RR = −0.34, 95% CI (0.22, 0.53), p < 0.00001]。结论：当前证据表明，小金丹及其联合治疗方案能显著有效治疗甲状腺结节，减少不良反应的发生。上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。

Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaojindan and its combination therapy in the treatment of thyroid nodules. Methods: Search related literature in CBM, WanFang Data, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTS) of Xiaojindan and its combination regimen in the treatment of thyroid nodules were collected from the database until October 2024. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software after two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the study. Results: A total of 8 RCTS were included, including 692 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, the total effective rate of the Xiaojindan group was significantly higher [RR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.18, 1.44), p < 0.00001], and the size of thyroid nodules could be effectively controlled and reduced [MD = −2.36, 95% CI (−3.77, −0.95), p = 0.001]. The incidence of adverse reactions was reduced [RR = −0.34, 95% CI (0.22, 0.53), p < 0.00001]. Conclusion: The current evidence shows that Xiaojindan and its combined treatment regimen can effectively treat thyroid nodules and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. The above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.