超声清创机在儿童烧烫伤创面中的应用

The Application of Ultrasonic Debridement Machine in the Wounds of Burn and Scald in Children

摘要: 探讨超声清创机对儿童烧、烫伤患者创面的愈合疗效。方法：选择2020年1月~2023年1月我科接诊80例烧、烫伤患儿为研究对象，通过使用随机数字表法，将患者随机分配为两个组，每组包含40名患者。这两个组的患者分别接受了不同的伤口敷料更换技术。对照组采用常规换药清创方法，观察组采用超声清创机换药清创方法。观察并分别比较两组患儿的疼痛(VAS)评分、创面细菌培养的结果、创面愈合时间及创面愈合质量。结果：1) 在术后第3天和第7天，观察组儿童的疼痛评分(VAS)明显低于对照组，这种差异在统计学上是显著的(p < 0.05)。2) 在创面细菌培养方面，观察组在术后第7天和第14天的创面培养阳性率低于对照组，这种差异在统计学上也是显著的(p < 0.05)。3) 观察组儿童的伤口愈合时间明显短于对照组，两组之间的差异在统计学上具有显著性(p < 0.05)。4) 观察组儿童的伤口愈合质量评分(VAS)显著低于对照组，这种差异在统计学上是显著的(p < 0.05)。5) 与对照组相比，观察组儿童在伤后3个月和伤后6个月的瘢痕评分(VSS)均有所下降，这种差异在统计学上具有显著性(p < 0.05)。这些结果表明，与对照组相比，观察组采用的治疗方法在减轻术后疼痛、降低感染风险、缩短愈合时间、提高愈合质量以及改善瘢痕评分方面均显示出显著优势。结论：超声清创机使用对于减轻患者治疗时疼苦，减少烧伤创面的修复时间具有重要意义，值得临床推广。

Abstract: To explore the curative effect of ultrasonic debridement machine on wound healing in children with burn and scald. Methods: A total of 80 children with burns and scalds treated in our department from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups with 40 patients in each group by using random number table method. Patients in both groups received different wound dressing replacement techniques. The control group was treated with conventional debridement and the observation group was treated with ultrasonic debridement. Pain (VAS) score, wound bacteria culture results, wound healing time and wound healing quality of the two groups were observed and compared respectively. Results: 1) On the 3rd and 7th day after surgery, the pain score (VAS) of children in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 2) In terms of wound bacteria culture, the positive rate of wound culture in the observation group was lower than that in the control group on the 7th and 14th day after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 3) The wound healing time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 4) The wound healing quality score (VAS) of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, the scar score (VSS) of children in the observation group decreased at 3 months and 6 months after injury, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). These results indicate that, compared with the control group, the treatment used in the observation group showed significant advantages in reducing postoperative pain, reducing the risk of infection, shortening healing time, improving healing quality, and improving scar scores. Conclusion: The use of ultrasonic debridement machine is of great significance for reducing the pain and pain of patients during treatment and reducing the repair time of burn wounds, which is worthy of clinical promotion.