儿童上呼吸道感染治疗的研究

Research Progress of Treatment of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children

摘要: 儿童上呼吸道感染一般由病毒或细菌感染引起，通常表现为鼻腔、咽部或喉部发生急性炎症反应，还可能对呼吸系统、心血管系统和神经系统产生破坏作用，以及导致消化系统问题。感染者主要是婴幼儿童，其临床治疗方式主要为：镇咳、止咳、祛痰、平喘，既可以选择西药抗生素，例如：阿奇霉素、对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬等；也可以选择中成药，例如：金银花口服液、柴桂退热颗粒、双黄连口服液、牛黄清心散等，或者将抗生素和中成药联合起来使用，均具有一定效果。但是不同的患儿年龄及体质、免疫力差异较大，需要针对不同患儿的实际病情选择最佳治疗方案，并谨慎选择药物，才能取得最佳疗效。

Abstract: Upper respiratory tract infections in children are usually caused by viral or bacterial infections and usually manifest as an acute inflammatory response in the nasal cavity, pharynx or larynx. They can also have a disruptive effect on the respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as lead to digestive problems. The majority of those infected are infants and young children, and the primary clinical treatments include suppressing cough, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, and easing asthma. Treatment options can range from Western antibiotics such as azithromycin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, to traditional Chinese medicines like Honeysuckle oral liquid, Chaigui fever granules, Shuanghuanglian oral liquid, Niuhuang Qingxin powder. Combining antibiotics with traditional Chinese medicines has also shown to be effective. However, different children’s ages and physical and immunity differences are large. In order to achieve the best effect in a short period of time and promote the early recovery of children, we must choose the appropriate treatment plan for different children’s actual conditions and carefully choose drugs.