青少年抑郁症肠道特征菌群筛选

Screening of Characteristic Gut Microbiota in Adolescent Depression

摘要: 青少年抑郁症是一种严重的情绪障碍，影响着全球数百万青少年。尽管其病因复杂，涉及遗传、生物学、心理和环境等多方面因素，但近年来的研究表明，肠道微生物群与抑郁症的发生和发展密切相关。本研究旨在通过分析16S扩增子测序数据，鉴定青少年抑郁症患者的肠道菌群生物标志物。我们从公共数据库中收集了414个肠道样本，涵盖儿童、青少年和老年人群体，并使用16S扩增子测序数据进行微生物群落分析。通过多样性分析、线性判别分析(LDA)和代谢通路分析，我们发现青少年抑郁症患者的肠道菌群多样性与健康对照组存在显著差异，且某些菌属(如普雷沃菌属、戴阿利斯特杆菌属)在抑郁症患者中显著富集。此外，代谢通路分析揭示了抑郁症患者在氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸代谢和厌氧代谢等方面的显著变化。研究结果表明，肠道菌群的失调可能与青少年抑郁症的发病机制密切相关，肠道菌群有望成为抑郁症的潜在生物标志物，并为未来的诊断和治疗提供新的思路。

Abstract: Adolescent depression is a severe mood disorder affecting millions of teenagers worldwide. Although its etiology is complex, involving genetic, biological, psychological, and environmental factors, recent studies have shown a close relationship between gut microbiota and the onset and progression of depression. This study aims to identify gut microbiota biomarkers in adolescent depression by analyzing 16S amplicon sequencing data. We collected 414 gut samples from public databases, covering children, adolescents, and elderly populations, and performed microbial community analysis using 16S amplicon sequencing data. Through diversity analysis, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and metabolic pathway analysis, we found significant differences in gut microbiota diversity between adolescent depression patients and healthy controls. Certain genera (e.g., Prevotella, Dialister) were significantly enriched in depression patients. Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant changes in amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and anaerobic metabolism in depression patients. The results suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may be closely related to the pathogenesis of adolescent depression. Gut microbiota holds promise as a potential biomarker for depression and may provide new insights for future diagnosis and treatment.