农户数字素养对农户收入的影响

The Impact of Farmers’ Digital Literacy on Household Income

摘要: 在数字经济蓬勃发展与乡村振兴战略深入推进的背景下，农户数字素养对其收入的影响备受关注。本研究运用北京大学承办的中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS) 2022年数据，构建计量模型，实证探究二者关系。研究发现，数字素养对农户收入具有显著正向影响，且对工资性收入促进作用最为突出。异质性分析表明，数字素养对不同教育水平和地区农户的增收效应存在差异，对高学历及中部、西部农户影响更显著。机制检验显示，数字素养通过提升社会资本积累，增强农户社会网络与资源获取能力，进而促进收入增长。分位数回归结果提示，应关注低收入群体数字素养提升。基于研究结论，建议分层分类开展数字素养培训，整合多方资源协同合作，推进数字设施均衡布局，完善农村数字经济监管制度，以推动数字素养提升与农户增收，助力乡村振兴。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of rapid digital economic development and the deepening implementation of rural revitalization strategies, the impact of farmers’ digital literacy on household income has attracted significant attention. Using 2022 data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted by Peking University, this study constructs econometric models to empirically examine this relationship. The findings reveal that digital literacy exerts a significantly positive effect on farmers’ income, with the most pronounced impact on wage income. Heterogeneity analysis indicates differential effects across educational levels and regions, showing greater benefits for highly educated farmers and those in central and western China. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that digital literacy enhances income growth by improving social capital accumulation, thereby strengthening farmers’ social networks and resource acquisition capabilities. Quantile regression results suggest particular attention should be paid to improving digital literacy among low-income groups. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing stratified digital literacy training programs, integrating multi-stakeholder resources, promoting balanced digital infrastructure deployment, and refining regulatory frameworks for the rural digital economy to harness digital literacy for income growth and rural revitalization.