柔性外骨骼技术在步态矫正领域的研究进展

Research Progress of Flexible Exoskeleton Technology in the Field of Gait Correction

摘要: 随着人口老龄化程度的加深以及神经系统疾病发病率的上升，步态异常已经成为影响人们生活质量和自理能力的重要问题。步态矫正的目标是帮助患者提高步态或恢复正常步态、增强行动能力。近年来，作为一种新型可穿戴辅助设备，柔性外骨骼凭借其舒适性、智能化的特点在步态矫正领域展现出巨大的发展潜力。本研究首先介绍了以结构设计、驱动控制系统和适应性设计为重点的柔性外骨骼设计原理。随后对步态矫正领域柔性外骨骼的最新研究进展进行了深入探讨。此外，文章还分析了适应性、控制准确性、安全耐用性、经济成本等柔性外骨骼技术在实际应用中面临的挑战。最后总结并展望了步态矫正领域中柔性外骨骼技术在未来的发展方向，通过材料优化、智能控制系统进步、能量供给等创新手段，进一步促进其在步态矫正中的应用。

Abstract: With the deepening of the population aging and the increasing incidence of nervous system diseases, abnormal gait has become an important problem affecting people’s self-care ability and quality of life. The goal of gait correction is to help patients improve their gait or restore normal gait and enhance mobility. In recent years, as a new type of wearable auxiliary equipment, the flexible exoskeleton has shown great development potential in the field of gait correction by virtue of its comfortable and intelligent characteristics. In this study, the design principle of flexible exoskeleton is introduced, which focuses on structural design, drive control systems, and adaptive design. Then, the latest research progress of flexible exoskeletons in the field of gait correction is deeply discussed. In addition, this paper also analyzes the challenges faced by flexible exoskeleton technology in practical applications, such as adaptability, accuracy of control, safety and durability, and economic cost. Finally, the future development direction of flexible exoskeleton technology in the field of gait correction is summarized and projected. Material optimization, intelligent control system improvement, energy supply, and other innovative means further promote its application in gait correction.