短视频二次创作的合理使用认定

Determination of Fair Use in Derivative Works of Short-Form Videos

摘要: 本文以我国《著作权法》第二十四条规定为研究基础，系统解析我国合理使用制度规范体系，着重探讨短视频二次创作领域面临的困境：封闭式立法框架难以适应新型创作形态；法律文本中“合理使用”、“适当引用”的构成要件欠缺可操作性标准；权利主体专有权益与公众文化参与权存在价值冲突。针对上述问题，本研究提出三重制度优化路径：首先完善“列举 + 兜底条款”的混合立法模式；其次通过司法解释确立多维度评估体系；最后建立著作权经济收益分享机制，发挥平台“桥梁”作用，实现权利保护与创作自由的良性互动。

Abstract: Based on Article 24 of China’s “Copyright Law”, this paper systematically analyzes the regulatory system of fair use in China, and focuses on discussing the predicaments faced in the field of secondary creation of short videos: the closed legislative framework is difficult to adapt to new forms of creation; the constituent elements of “fair use” and “proper citation” in the legal text lack operational standards; there is a value conflict between the exclusive rights of the right holders and the public’s cultural participation rights. In response to the above problems, this study proposes three paths for system optimization: first, improve the mixed legislative model of “enumeration + catch-all clause”; second, establish a multi-dimensional assessment system through judicial interpretation; finally, establish a copyright economic revenue sharing mechanism, give full play to the “bridge” role of the platform, and achieve a benign interaction between rights protection and creative freedom.