“三言二拍”中清明节的叙事意义研究

A Study on the Narrative Significance of the Qingming Festival in “San Yan Er Pai”

摘要: 清明节是我国的传统节日，其时间节点有着一定的特殊性，与日常生活和民众情感有着密切的联系。上坟祭祖、踏青游园、插柳、荡秋千是清明节的主要活动，这些民俗活动对于展开小说情节也具有重要的意义。“三言二拍”是我国重要的市民小说，其中记载着众多市民活动，典型地体现了清明节背景下的市民风情，为后世的研究提供了丰富的文学研究文本。本文通过整理文本中清明节的民俗活动总结典型的清明叙事模式，归纳出清明节所具有的两种不同的符号意义，并研究清明叙事模式下的文学价值，展现节日民俗对于中国古代的文化传承和凝聚当代民族文化认同有着重要的意义，加深民众对传统文化的信念感。

Abstract: The Qingming Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with a specific timing that is closely related to daily life and people’s emotions. Tomb-sweeping, ancestor worship, spring outings, and hanging willows and swinging are the main activities of the Qingming Festival. These folk activities are of great significance for unfolding the plot of the novel. “San Yan and Er Pai” are important vernacular novels in China, which record numerous citizen activities and typologically reflect the citizen customs under the background of the Qingming Festival, providing rich literary research texts for later studies. This article summarizes typical Qingming narrative patterns by organizing the folk activities of the Qingming Festival in the text, generalizes the two different symbolic meanings of the Qingming Festival, and studies the literary value of the narrative patterns of the Qingming Festival, demonstrating that festival customs have an important significance for the cultural inheritance of ancient China and the consolidation of contemporary national cultural identity, and deepening the public’s belief in traditional culture.