论钟嵘“滋味说”的美学特征及意义

On the Aesthetic Characteristics and Significance of Zhong Rong’s “Theory of Flavor”

摘要: 随着学术研究的深入，钟嵘“滋味说”的美学特征及意义日益受到国内学界关注。然而，现有研究多聚焦于单一维度：或追溯“味”论的中西思想源头，或仅基于《诗品》文本阐释其美学内涵，或侧重探讨其作为审美标准的价值。这些成果虽丰富了“滋味说”理论体系，却也呈现出零散化、碎片化的局限。为弥补此不足，本文拟采用文献研究法与案例分析法相结合的研究路径，尝试提供一种整合性视角。研究将着重结合曹植、谢灵运等代表性诗人的创作实践，深入探究“滋味说”的美学特征。研究发现，其核心特征体现为：寄托情性，抒发怨愤；形象直观，穷形尽相；自然直寻，不落形迹；风力丹采，文道并重。这些特征不仅深刻影响了古代文论的发展，对文学创作亦具有恒久意义。本文旨在通过上述探讨，深化对“滋味说”美学特征及意义的理解，并推动其研究从零散状态向更为系统、整合的方向迈进。

Abstract: With the deepening of academic research, the aesthetic features and significance of Zhong Rong’s “Theory of Taste” have increasingly attracted the attention of domestic scholars. However, existing studies mostly focus on a single dimension: either tracing the ideological origins of the “taste” theory in both Chinese and Western thought, or merely interpreting its aesthetic connotations based on the text of “The Critique of Poetry”, or emphasizing its value as an aesthetic standard. Although these achievements have enriched the theoretical system of the “Theory of Taste”, they also present the limitations of being fragmented and scattered. To address this deficiency, this paper intends to adopt a research approach combining literature research and case analysis, attempting to provide an integrated perspective. The study will focus on the creative practices of representative poets such as Cao Zhi and Xie Lingyun to deeply explore the aesthetic features of the “Theory of Taste”. The research finds that its core features are: expressing emotions and sentiments, venting grievances and indignation; vivid and lifelike imagery; natural and direct expression without artificiality; equal emphasis on style and diction, and the unity of literary form and content. These features not only profoundly influenced the development of ancient literary theory but also have lasting significance for literary creation. This paper aims to deepen the understanding of the aesthetic features and significance of the “Theory of Taste” through the above discussion and promote its research from a scattered state to a more systematic and integrated direction.