急性荨麻疹患者甲泼尼龙疗效的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Methylprednisolone Efficacy in Patients with Acute Urticaria

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在分析影响接受甲泼尼龙治疗的急性荨麻疹患者临床疗效的相关因素，为提升治疗效果提供参考依据。方法：本研究采用回顾性分析方法，选取2022年1月23日至2024年12月6日期间我院收治、且接受静脉输注甲泼尼龙治疗的急性荨麻疹患者作为研究对象，研究收集并分析患者的以下信息：基础人口学指标：年龄；临床特征指标：伴随症状及发病诱因、激素起始量；实验室检测指标：白细胞总计数、中性粒细胞亚群、淋巴细胞亚群、嗜酸性粒细胞亚群、总免疫球蛋白E (总IgE)、D-二聚体、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)及凝血酶时间(TT)。最终采用单因素分析与多元线性回归分析相结合的方式，筛选影响甲泼尼龙治疗急性荨麻疹疗效的相关因素。结果：本研究结果显示，在纳入的急性荨麻疹患者中，其住院天数中位数为8天，单因素分析结果：白细胞、中性粒细胞、D-二聚体水平与急性荨麻疹患者静脉输注甲泼尼龙的治疗疗效存在统计学关联(P < 0.05)，其余指标(如年龄、性别、白细胞系列指标等)未显示出显著影响；多元线性回归分析结果：提示白细胞、中性粒细胞、D-二聚体水平是影响甲泼尼龙治疗急性荨麻疹疗效的相关因素。结论：住院天数中位数为8天的急性荨麻疹患者静脉使用甲泼尼龙疗效的影响因素为白细胞、中性粒细胞及D-二聚体水平。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the clinical efficacy of methylprednisolone treatment in patients with acute urticaria, providing a reference basis for improving treatment outcomes. Methods: This retrospective analysis study enrolled patients with acute urticaria admitted to our hospital between January 23, 2022, and December 6, 2024, who received intravenous methylprednisolone therapy. The study collected and analyzed the following patient information: Basic demographic indicators: age; Clinical characteristic indicators: accompanying symptoms and precipitating factors, hormone starting dose; Laboratory test parameters: Total white blood cell count, neutrophil subpopulations, lymphocyte subpopulations, eosinophil subpopulations, total immunoglobulin E (total IgE), D-dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT). Ultimately, a combination of univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating acute urticaria. Results: The results of this study indicate that among the included patients with acute urticaria, the median hospital stay was 8 days. Univariate analysis showed that white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and D-dimer levels were statistically associated with the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone in patients with acute urticaria (P < 0.05). Other indicators, such as age, gender, and white blood cell series parameters, did not demonstrate a significant influence. Results of multiple linear regression analysis: Elevation of white blood cells, neutrophils, and D-dimer levels are factors influencing the efficacy of methylprednisolone treatment in acute urticaria. Conclusion: The factors affecting the efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone in patients with acute urticaria, who have a median hospital stay of 8 days, are white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and D-dimer levels.