共益公司对传统公司契约的挑战

The Challenge of B Corporations to Traditional Corporate Contracts

摘要: 随着企业社会责任理念的深入发展，传统公司法以股东利益最大化为核心的治理结构日益受到挑战。本文聚焦美国共益公司制度，从其法律定位、核心特征、治理机制、立法模式及法理基础等多个维度进行分析，强调其在制度上对董事义务与利益相关者关系的重塑。文章进一步梳理该制度在运行过程中面临的法律争议，并评估其对中国公司法本土化改革的启示与可行路径。研究表明，共益公司不仅为企业追求多元目标提供制度保障，也为构建更加公平、可持续的公司治理体系提供了范式参考。

Abstract: With the deepening development of the concept of corporate social responsibility, the traditional corporate law governance structure centered on maximizing shareholder interests is increasingly being challenged. This article focuses on the corporate governance system in the United States, analyzing it from multiple dimensions such as legal positioning, core features, governance mechanisms, legislative models, and legal foundations, emphasizing its reshaping of director obligations and stakeholder relationships in the system. The article further reviews the legal disputes faced by the system during its operation, and evaluates its implications and feasible paths for the localization reform of Chinese company law. Research shows that co-benefit companies not only provide institutional guarantees for enterprises to pursue diverse goals, but also provide paradigm references for building a more fair and sustainable corporate governance system.