摘要: 目的：分析泰安市非健康人群血清维生素D水平，为科学预防维生素D的缺乏提供参考。方法：回顾性分析2023年3月至2024年2月就诊于泰安中心医院风湿免疫科门诊及住院患者的病历资料共22,480例。依据性别分为男性组(6913例)与女性组(15,567例)；依据年龄分为婴幼儿组(466例，0~3岁)、学龄组(2831例，4~12岁)、青春期组(819例，13~18岁)、青年组(6264例，19~35岁)、中年组(8540例，36~65岁)、老年组(3560例，>65岁)；按照测定时间分为春季组(7118例，3~5月)、夏季组(6087例，6~8月)、秋季组(4940例，9~11月)、冬季组(4508例，12~次年2月)。所有受检者均检测未行干预的血清25-羟基维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平。分析受检者维生素D水平，并比较不同性别、年龄、季节分组受检者维生素D水平。结果：所有受检者总体维生素D水平总体较低，维生素D在六个年龄组中0~3岁婴幼儿群体的维生素D平均值最高(M = 39.80, SD = 13.46)，远高于其他年龄段，相比之下19~35岁中年组维生素D水平最低(M = 17.46, SD = 8.50)；从性别角度来看，维生素D水平在男性与女性之间亦存在显著差异(t = 34.824, P < 0.01)，男性的维生素D均值为24.92 ng/mL (SD = 11.55)，显著高于女性(M = 19.73, SD = 9.70)；从季节维度分析维生素D水平的变化，同样发现了显著差异(F = 445.664, P < 0.01)，夏季和秋季的维生素D水平相对较高(夏季：M = 23.66，SD = 10.70；秋季：M = 23.58，SD = 10.50)，而冬季最低(M = 17.17, SD = 9.02)，春季居中(M = 20.41, SD = 10.50)。结论：泰安市非健康人群维生素D水平存在不足、缺乏情况，并存在性别、年龄、季节等因素的差异。临床应针对上述不同因素制订相应的预防措施。
Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to analyze the serum vitamin D levels in the non-healthy population of Tai’an, to provide a scientific reference for preventing vitamin D deficiency. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 22,480 medical records of outpatients and inpatients treated in the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Tai’an Central Hospital from March 2023 to February 2024. The cases were categorized by gender into male (6913 cases) and female groups (15,567 cases); by age into infant/toddler group (466 cases, 0~3 years), school-age group (2831 cases, 4~12 years), adolescence group (819 cases, 13~18 years), young adult group (6264 cases, 19~35 years), middle-aged group (8540 cases, 36~65 years), and elderly group (3560 cases, >65 years); and by testing season into spring group (7118 cases, March-May), summer group (6087 cases, June-August), autumn group (4940 cases, September-November), and winter group (4508 cases, December-February of the following year). All participants underwent measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D] levels without prior intervention. Vitamin D levels were analyzed and compared across different gender, age, and seasonal subgroups. Results: The overall vitamin D levels of all examined individuals were generally low. Among the six age groups, the 0~3 years infant group had the highest average vitamin D level (M = 39.80, SD = 13.46), significantly higher than the other age groups. In contrast, the 19~35 years middle-aged group showed the lowest vitamin D levels (M = 17.46, SD = 8.50). From a gender perspective, there was also a significant difference in vitamin D levels between males and females (t = 34.824, P < 0.01), with males having a higher mean vitamin D level of 24.92 ng/mL (SD = 11.55) compared to females (M = 19.73, SD = 9.70). Seasonal analysis of vitamin D variations revealed significant differences as well (F = 445.664, P < 0.01). Summer and autumn exhibited relatively higher vitamin D levels (Summer: M = 23.66, SD = 10.70; Autumn: M = 23.58, SD = 10.50), while winter showed the lowest levels (M = 17.17, SD = 9.02), with spring falling in between (M = 20.41, SD = 10.50). Conclusion: There is a situation of insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels among the non-healthy population in Tai’an City, with variations observed across factors such as gender, age, and season. Clinical interventions should formulate corresponding preventive measures targeting these distinct factors.