老龄化、技术与代际支持转型：生成式人工智能的介入机制与风险探析

Aging, Technology and Intergenerational Support Transition: An Analysis of the Intervention Mechanism and Risks of Generative Artificial Intelligence

摘要: 当下，深度老龄化与技术革命相互交织，传统养老模式依赖的代际互惠机制面临系统性的解构。信息技术革命不仅打破了传统经验的权威体系，也重塑了家庭场域的权力关系网络，老年群体从拥有文化诠释能力的主体逐渐转变为需要技术赋能的照护客体。制度保障的完善虽一定程度上缓解了物质层面的生存压力，却未能有效弥合社会变革中代际互动的伦理裂隙，导致养老模式内生性的驱动不足。本文引入行动者网络理论，试图构建起生成式人工智能介入代际养老行为的理论架构，以“技术中介化的孝道实践”重建代际之间的情感联结与伦理共识，从而从深层逻辑上为养老资源结构性短缺的问题提供可实践的方案，使得养老行为由责任本位转向需求本位，为新时代养老转型提供思考。

Abstract: Today, deep aging and technological revolution intertwine, systematically dismantling the intergenerational reciprocity mechanisms underpinning traditional eldercare models. The information technology revolution has not only shattered the authority of traditional experiential systems but also reshaped the power networks within the family sphere. The elderly have gradually transformed from subjects possessing cultural interpretive capabilities into care recipients requiring technological empowerment. While institutional safeguards have alleviated material survival pressures to some extent, they have failed to effectively bridge the ethical rift in inter generational interaction amid societal transformation, resulting in insufficient endogenous drivers within eldercare models. This paper introduces Actor-Network Theory to construct a theoretical framework for generative AI’s intervention in intergenerational eldercare practices. By establishing “technologically mediated filial piety practices,” it seeks to rebuild emotional bonds and ethical consensus between generations. This approach offers a practical solution to the structural shortage of eldercare resources at a deeper logical level, shifting eldercare behavior from responsibility-based to needs-based models, and providing insights for eldercare transformation in the new era.