基于测验误差的水文站水量平衡修正方法研究

Research on Correction Method of Water Balance of Hydrographic Station Based on Measuring Error

摘要: 水文测验误差可能引起上下游水文站水量不平衡问题，本文以金沙江奔子栏–石鼓河段干支流水文站实测径流为研究对象，针对水量不平衡月份，提出采用水文比拟法、相似月法、相关关系法、条件平差法等开展水量平衡修正，并经综合对比分析选用条件平差法修正成果。将修正后径流与上下游水文站进行径流协调性分析，也是合理协调的。本文提供了一种水量平衡修正及径流协调性分析方法，可大批量处理水量不平衡问题。水文站径流在经科学合理的水量平衡修正后，可为工程水文设计、水库群运行调度、水资源精细化管理等提供更为可靠的数据。

Abstract: The hydrological measuring error may cause water imbalance in upstream and downstream hydrology stations. Taking the measured runoff data of the mainstream and tributary hydrological stations in the Benzilan-Shigu reach of the Jinsha River as the research object, this paper proposes to adopt the hydrological analogy method, similar month method, correlation analysis method, and conditional adjustment method to carry out water balance correction for the months with water imbalance issues. After comprehensive comparative analysis, the results of conditional adjustment method is selected. Then, the runoff coordination analysis is carried out with the upstream and downstream hydrographic stations, and the results show that they are coordinated. This paper provides a method of water balance correction and runoff coordination analysis, which can deal with water imbalance in large quantities. After scientific and reasonable water balance correction for hydrographic station runoff, more reliable data can be provided for engineering hydrological design, reservoir group operation and dispatching and water resources fine management.