中医药治疗乳腺增生症的研究进展

Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Mammary Gland Hyperplasia

摘要: 乳腺增生症是女性常见的良性增生性疾病，发病率较高。西医激素疗法存在不良反应多、复发率高等局限。中医药基于整体观与辨证论治，认为其核心病机在于肝、脾、肾功能失调，导致气滞、痰凝、血瘀互结于乳络。临床主要分为肝郁痰凝、冲任失调、痰瘀互结及肝郁气滞等证型。内治法以疏肝健脾、调摄冲任、化痰祛瘀为则；外治法如穴位贴敷、针灸、推拿等，操作简便、安全性高，实现局部消肿止痛与整体调理的协同作用。大量临床研究证实其疗效显著，且具有复发率低、不良反应少的优势。

Abstract: Mammary gland hyperplasia is a common benign hyperplastic disease in women with a high incidence rate. Western hormone therapy has limitations such as numerous adverse reactions and a high recurrence rate. Based on the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and treatment, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) posits that its core pathogenesis lies in the dysfunction of the liver, spleen, and kidney, leading to the mutual binding of qi stagnation, phlegm coagulation, and blood stasis in the breast collaterals. Clinically, it is mainly classified into syndromes such as liver depression and phlegm coagulation, Thoroughfare and Conception Vessel disharmony, phlegm and blood stasis binding, and liver depression and qi stagnation. Internal treatment principles focus on soothing the liver and fortifying the spleen, regulating the Thoroughfare and Conception Vessels, and resolving phlegm and dispelling stasis. External treatments like acupoint application, acupuncture, and tuina (therapeutic massage) are simple to operate, highly safe, and achieve a synergistic effect of local swelling reduction and pain relief combined with overall regulation. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed its significant efficacy, with advantages including a low recurrence rate and fewer adverse reactions.