五生共融：超大城市近郊乡村农文旅深度融合模式研究——以北京房山窦店镇河口片区为例

Five-Livelihood Integration: A Study on the Deep Integration Model of Agriculture, Culture, and Tourism in Suburban Villages of Megacities—A Case Study of Hekou Area in Doudian Town, Fangshan District, Beijing

摘要: 在乡村振兴战略与超大城市功能疏解的双重背景下，近郊乡村面临产业转型、文化重构与空间重塑的系统性机遇。本研究突破传统“三生融合”理论框架，构建“生产、生活、生态、生息、生业”五生共融的农文旅深度融合模型，并以北京市房山区窦店镇“百千工程”河口片区七个村庄为研究对象，阐释该模式的构建逻辑与实施路径。通过解构君子兰产业的文化符号价值、生态服务价值与社会认同价值，提出单一产业IP深度裂变、空间生产差异化叙事、社区主体能力建构三大创新策略，形成“一核引领、六村协同、全域融合”的集群格局。五生共融模式通过文化内核的刚性锚定与功能维度的弹性拓展，能够有效破解乡村产业融合表层化、文化挖掘符号化、空间布局碎片化的困境，为超大城市近郊乡村内生型可持续发展提供理论范式与实践参考。

Abstract: Under the dual contexts of the rural revitalization strategy and the functional (decentralization) of megacities, suburban villages face systematic opportunities for industrial transformation, cultural reconstruction, and spatial reshaping. This study breaks through the traditional theoretical framework of “Integration of Production, Life, and Ecology” and constructs a deep integration model of agriculture, culture, and tourism based on the “Five-Livelihood Integration”—namely, integration of production, life, ecology, livelihood sustenance, and livelihood economy. Taking the seven villages in the Hekou Area of Doudian Town (a key site of the “Hundred Villages and Thousand Households Project” in Fangshan District, Beijing) as the research object, this paper expounds the construction logic and implementation path of the model. By deconstructing the cultural symbolic value, ecological service value, and social identity value of the clivia industry, three innovative strategies are proposed: deep fission of a single industrial IP, differentiated narrative of spatial production, and capacity building of community subjects. These strategies form a cluster pattern characterized by “one core leading, six villages coordinating, and whole-region integration”. Through the rigid anchoring of cultural core and flexible expansion of functional dimensions, the five-livelihood integration model can effectively address the dilemmas of superficial industrial integration, symbolic cultural excavation, and fragmented spatial layout in rural areas. It thus provides a theoretical paradigm and practical reference for the endogenous and sustainable development of suburban villages in megacities.