承转之间：论民俗的稳定性特征与现代性流变

Between Transfer and Inheritance: On the Stability of Folk Custom and the Evolution of Modernity

摘要: 在社会流动性持续加快、数字技术全面渗透的当代语境下，民俗的生成机制与存在形态发生了深刻变革。民俗群体已从传统的地域固定型群体，转向临时聚合型、圈层化与符号化联结的多元形态。本文以《民俗学概论》的理论框架为基础，聚焦民俗传承与适应过程中相互交织的“稳定性”与“流变性”核心议题，通过双重维度的系统分析展开研究。首先，阐释民俗跨越时空维系文化认同的稳定性机制，深入剖析集体性、程式化、传承性等关键特征的内在逻辑；其次，立足现代性冲击的现实背景，从实践形式、社会功能与文化意义三个维度，解析民俗的现代流变轨迹，并结合数字化传播、消费社会崛起、生活节奏加速等时代特征，辅以具体案例进行深度解构。研究表明，民俗的生命力并非源于对传统的僵化固守，而是在于“传统传承”与“时代创新”的动态平衡，这种辩证关系构成了民俗持续存续与焕发活力的核心动力。

Abstract: In the contemporary context of accelerating social mobility and pervasive digital technology, the mechanisms and forms of folk culture have undergone profound transformations. Traditional regional communities have evolved into diverse, temporally aggregated groups characterized by hierarchical connections and symbolic associations. Grounded in the theoretical framework of “Introduction to Folklore Studies”, this research focuses on the interwoven dynamics of “stability” and “fluidity” in folk cultural transmission and adaptation, employing a dual-dimensional systematic analysis. First, it elucidates the stability mechanisms that sustain cultural identity across time and space, delving into the intrinsic logic of collective identity, ritualized patterns, and generational continuity. Second, within the context of modernity’s challenges, the study examines the modern trajectory of folk culture through three dimensions: practical manifestations, social functions, and cultural significance. By integrating contemporary features like digital dissemination, the rise of consumer society, and accelerated lifestyles, the research employs concrete case studies for in-depth analysis. The findings reveal that folk culture’s vitality stems not from rigid adherence to tradition, but from the dynamic equilibrium between “traditional inheritance” and “contemporary innovation”. This dialectical relationship forms the core driving force behind the sustained existence and revitalization of folk traditions.