基于大数据视角下的个人信息保护规范研究

A Normative Study on Personal Information Protection from the Perspective of Big Data

摘要: 在大数据技术深度嵌入社会运行机制的背景下，个人信息的生成、处理与利用方式发生了结构性变化，传统以隐私保护为核心的规范模式面临显著挑战。本文立足大数据条件下个人信息处理活动的技术特征与风险形态，系统梳理我国个人信息保护规范的制度逻辑，分析现行法律在合法性控制、风险防控及制度适配方面存在的不足。在比较考察域外个人信息保护制度经验的基础上，本文进一步提出以风险导向为核心的规范完善路径，强调通过实体规则、执行机制与技术治理的协同配置，实现个人信息保护由事后救济向事前控制的转型。

Abstract: With the deep integration of big data technologies into social and economic activities, the generation, processing, and utilization of personal information have undergone structural changes, posing significant challenges to traditional privacy-centered regulatory models. Focusing on the technological characteristics and risk patterns of personal information processing in the context of big data, this article systematically examines the institutional logic of China’s personal information protection regime and identifies its deficiencies in legality control, risk prevention, and regulatory adaptability. Through a comparative analysis of foreign legal frameworks, the article further proposes a risk-oriented approach to regulatory improvement, emphasizing the coordinated configuration of substantive rules, enforcement mechanisms, and technical governance in order to shift personal information protection from ex post remedies to ex ante control.