年老焦虑、社会地位感知与商业养老保险决策

Aging Anxiety, Social Status Perception, and Commercial Pension Insurance Decisions

摘要: 商业养老保险作为有效的养老保障方式，能为个体提供经济支持，帮助更好地规划晚年生活，实现安享老年的目标。本文基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS 2021)数据，探讨社会地位感知、年老焦虑对商业养老保险决策的影响，并检验年老焦虑的中介效应。研究提出三点假设：社会地位感知对商业养老保险决策具有正向作用；年老焦虑对保险决策及社会地位感知具有负向作用；年老焦虑在二者之间发挥中介作用。利用2548个有效样本，构建logistic模型进行实证分析，结果显示：社会地位感知提升会显著增强保险购买意愿，反映出个体通过经济保障来巩固社会地位的倾向；而年老焦虑不仅直接抑制保险购买，还削弱了社会地位感知的积极作用。研究揭示了社会心理因素在养老保险决策中的作用机制，强调降低年老焦虑对于促进商业养老保险发展的重要意义。

Abstract: Commercial pension insurance, as an effective form of old-age security, provides individuals with financial support and helps them better plan for later life, thereby facilitating a secure and dignified aging process. Using data from the 2021 China General Social Survey (CGSS 2021), this study examines the effects of social status perception and aging anxiety on commercial pension insurance decisions and tests the mediating role of aging anxiety. Three hypotheses are proposed: 1) social status perception has a positive effect on commercial pension insurance decisions; 2) aging anxiety exerts a negative effect on both insurance decisions and social status perception; and 3) aging anxiety mediates the relationship between social status perception and commercial pension insurance decisions. Based on 2548 valid observations, logistic regression models are employed for empirical analysis. The results indicate that higher perceived social status significantly increases individuals’ willingness to purchase commercial pension insurance, reflecting a tendency to reinforce social status through economic security. In contrast, aging anxiety not only directly inhibits insurance participation but also weakens the positive effect of social status perception on insurance decisions. This study reveals the underlying mechanisms through which social psychological factors influence pension insurance decisions and highlights the importance of alleviating aging anxiety to promote the development of commercial pension insurance.