倾斜隧道火灾重点排烟效率数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on Point Smoke Extraction Efficiency in Inclined Tunnel Fires

摘要: 本文采用FDS (6.7.9)，考虑热释放速率(HRR)、排烟量、排烟口宽长比、排烟口间距及排烟口布置方式等因素，对倾斜重点排烟隧道排烟口的排烟效率进行了研究。研究结果表明：水平隧道应注重排烟口设计参数的影响，排烟口应对称布置，排烟口的排烟效率随排烟量、排烟口宽长比的增加而增大；基本不随排烟口间距的变化而变化。倾斜隧道应注重排烟口布局的设计，1%倾斜隧道“2+”“1+”排烟口布局以及3%、5%倾斜隧道“0+”排烟口布局的排烟效率受排烟量、排烟口宽长比以及间距影响不大，对其他布局的排烟效率可通过增加排烟量、增大宽长比或减小间距等措施进行提高。

Abstract: In this study, FDS (6.7.9) was adopted to investigate the smoke extraction efficiency of point extraction vents in inclined tunnels, considering factors such as heat release rate (HRR), smoke exhaust rate, exhaust vent width-length ratio, vent interval and vent arrangement on each side of the fire source. The results indicate that for horizontal tunnels, emphasis should be placed on the design parameters of exhaust vents, which should be arranged symmetrically. The smoke extraction efficiency increases with the increase of smoke exhaust rate and width-length ratio of exhaust vents, but remains basically unchanged with the variation of vent interval. For inclined tunnels, priority should be given to the design of vent arrangement; the smoke extraction efficiency of the “2+” and “1+” arrangement in tunnels with 1% slope, as well as the “0+” arrangement in tunnels with 3% and 5% slopes, is less affected by smoke exhaust rate, exhaust vent width-length ratio, vent interval. For other arrangement, the smoke extraction efficiency can be improved by increasing the smoke exhaust rate, increasing the width-length ratio of exhaust vents and reducing the distance.