矿企ISO 14001认证的多元驱动路径——基于fsQCA与中介效应的管理决策系统组态研究

Multi-Driving Paths for ISO 14001 Certification in Mining Enterprises—Research on the Configuration of Management Decision System Based on fsQCA and Mediating Effect

摘要: 企业如何通过内外部要素协同配置实现ISO 14001认证是环境管理与工程决策优化的关键议题。现有研究多关注外部规制或单一因素净效应，难揭示多重前因条件复杂因果机制。本研究基于吉登斯结构化理论，构建“规则–资源–能动性”的系统工程分析框架，以中国A股矿业上市公司为样本，采用模糊集定性比较分析与中介分析结合的方法，探寻驱动ISO 14001认证的多元组态路径，检验ESG表现的中介角色。研究发现：1) 存在八条引致认证的等效前因组态，可归纳为六类驱动模式，揭示认证决策在多路径协同下的系统实现逻辑；2) ESG表现在多数组态路径中起部分中介作用，表明前因条件协同效应不仅直接推动认证，还通过提升企业综合可持续发展水平间接促成管理决策优化。本研究为理解企业环境管理实践提供系统组态视角，揭示认证多要素联动、多路径通达的深层逻辑，为矿业企业运营决策和政策制定者提供启示。

Abstract: How enterprises can achieve ISO 14001 certification through coordinated internal and external element configuration is a key environmental management and engineering decision - optimization issue. Existing studies focus on external regulations or single-factor net effects and can’t reveal complex multi-antecedent causal mechanisms. This study, based on Giddens’ structural theory, constructs a “rules - resources - agency” system engineering analysis framework. Using Chinese A-share mining listed companies as samples, it combines fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis and mediation analysis to explore ISO 14001 certification driving paths and test ESG performance’s mediating role. Findings: 1) Eight equivalent antecedent configurations lead to certification, classifiable into six driving modes, showing multi-path coordinated certification decision logic; 2) ESG performance partially mediates most paths, meaning antecedent condition synergy directly promotes certification and indirectly optimizes management decisions by enhancing enterprise sustainable development. This study offers a systematic view for understanding enterprise environmental management, reveals multi-factor and multi-path certification logic, and provides insights for mining enterprises and policy makers.