湿性愈合护理在深度烧伤创面修复中的应用与进展

Application and Progress of Wet Healing Care in Deep Burn Wound Repair

摘要: 深度烧伤作为一种严重的创伤类型，其创面修复过程涉及复杂的病理生理机制，包括炎症反应、细胞增殖与迁移、血管生成及组织重塑等多个环节。湿性愈合护理作为一种基于创面微环境调控的护理策略，通过维持创面适度湿润状态、促进自溶性清创、减少疼痛及瘢痕形成等机制，显著改善了深度烧伤创面的愈合质量与效率。本文梳理了湿性愈合护理的基础理论、深度烧伤的流行病学特征、临床实践应用、技术进展、诊断与治疗策略，以及当前存在的争议与未来展望。通过整合近年来的研究成果，本文旨在全面阐述湿性愈合护理在深度烧伤创面修复中的核心价值，为临床实践提供理论依据与技术参考。同时，该领域仍面临着护理材料成本较高、个体化护理方案缺乏、长期疗效评价不足等挑战。未来，随着生物材料技术、精准医疗及人工智能的发展，湿性愈合护理有望实现从被动创面管理向主动创面修复的转变，为深度烧伤患者提供更加高效、个性化的治疗方案。

Abstract: As a severe type of trauma, deep burns involve complex pathophysiological mechanisms, including inflammatory responses, cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. As a nursing strategy based on wound microenvironment regulation, wet healing nursing significantly improves the healing quality and efficiency of deep burn wounds by maintaining the moderate moistness of the wound, promoting autolytic debridement, and reducing pain and scarring. This paper reviews the basic theory of wet healing nursing, the epidemiological characteristics of deep burns, clinical practice applications, technological progress, diagnosis and treatment strategies, as well as the current controversies and future prospects. By integrating the research results of recent years, this paper aims to comprehensively expound the core value of wet healing nursing in deep burn wound repair, and provide theoretical basis and technical reference for clinical practice. At the same time, the field still faces challenges such as high cost of nursing materials, lack of individualized nursing plans, and insufficient long-term efficacy evaluation. In the future, with the development of biomaterial technology, precision medicine and artificial intelligence, wet healing care is expected to realize the transformation from passive wound management to active wound repair, providing more efficient and personalized treatment plans for patients with deep burns.