危化品码头船岸杂散电流安全防护研究

Research on Safety Protection of Stray Current between Ship and Shore at Hazardous Chemical Terminals

摘要: 本文基于国家现行技术规范及国内外实践经验，结合危化品码头静电防护现状，对比分析了静电跨接与绝缘法兰两种船岸电气连接方式的优劣及潜在风险，论证了采用绝缘法兰阻断杂散电流通路的必要性，并提出绝缘法兰使用中的关键风险控制措施。通过在谏壁油库码头开展现场实测，收集船岸电位差、流经输油软管的电流值等原始数据，对比安装绝缘法兰前后的电气参数变化，实测数据表明：安装绝缘法兰后，船岸间电位差隔离效率达98.7%，流经输油软管的杂散电流从平均1.2 A降至0.015 A以下，有效避免了杂散电流经输油管线形成放电火花，显著提升了码头装卸作业安全性。

Abstract: Based on national technical standards and international practices, this paper compares the advantages and risks of electrostatic bonding and insulating flange methods for ship-shore electrical connection at hazardous chemical terminals. It demonstrates the necessity of using insulating flanges to block stray current paths and proposes key risk control measures. Field tests were carried out at Jianbi Oil Depot Terminal to collect original data such as ship-shore potential difference and current through oil transfer hoses, and the electrical parameter changes before and after the installation of insulating flanges were compared. The measured data show that after installing the insulating flange, the isolation efficiency of the ship-shore potential difference reaches 98.7%, and the stray current flowing through the oil transfer hose is reduced from an average of 1.2 A to less than 0.015 A, which effectively prevents the stray current from generating discharge sparks through the oil pipeline and significantly improves the safety of terminal loading and unloading operations.