四溴双酚A (TBBPA)雌性生殖毒性效应及其机制研究进展
Research Progress on Female Reproductive Toxicity of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Its Mechanism
DOI: 10.12677/hjbm.2026.162024, PDF,   
作者: 贺海艳, 陈雪梅：重庆医科大学公共卫生学院卫生毒理教研室，重庆；徐翰婷：重庆医科大学基础医学院组织胚胎学教研室，重庆
关键词: 四溴双酚A；雌性生殖毒性；卵巢；内分泌干扰；作用机制；Tetrabromobisphenol A； Female Reproductive Toxicity； Ovary； Endocrine Disruption； Mechanism
摘要: 四溴双酚A (TBBPA)作为全球使用最广泛的溴代阻燃剂之一，广泛存在于环境介质、生物体甚至人体内，其对女性/雌性生殖健康的潜在威胁已成为环境毒理学研究的热点。本文系统综述了近年来关于TBBPA雌性生殖毒性效应及其作用机制的研究进展。现有研究表明，TBBPA暴露可导致实验动物(如小鼠、大鼠)中卵巢结构损伤、卵泡发育异常、性激素水平紊乱、生育能力下降以及不良妊娠结局等多种负面效应。其毒性机制主要涉及干扰下丘脑–垂体–卵巢(HPO)轴的内分泌调控、诱导氧化应激与细胞凋亡、干扰类固醇激素合成关键酶活性与信号通路等多个层面。然而，关于TBBPA对人类女性生殖健康影响的直接流行病学证据尚不充分，低剂量长期暴露的联合效应及分子机制细节仍需深入探究。未来研究应加强人群暴露评估与健康风险关联分析，并进一步阐明TBBPA与其他环境因素的交互作用，为制定科学的风险评估标准和防控策略提供依据。
Abstract: As one of the most widely used brominated flame retardants in the world, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is widely found in environmental media, organisms and even human bodies. Its potential threat to female/female reproductive health has become a hot topic in environmental toxicology research. This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the female reproductive toxicity of TBBPA and its mechanism in recent years. Existing studies have shown that TBBPA exposure can lead to a variety of negative effects in experimental animals (such as mice and rats), such as ovarian structural damage, abnormal follicular development, disorder of sex hormone levels, decreased fertility, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Its toxic mechanism mainly involves interfering with the endocrine regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis, inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis, and interfering with the key enzyme activities and signaling pathways of steroid hormone synthesis. However, the direct epidemiological evidence on the effects of TBBPA on human female reproductive health is still insufficient, and the combined effects and molecular mechanism details of low-dose long-term exposure still need to be further explored. Future research should strengthen population exposure assessment and health risk correlation analysis, and further clarify the interaction between TBBPA and other environmental factors, so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific risk assessment standards and prevention and control strategies.
文章引用：贺海艳, 徐翰婷, 陈雪梅. 四溴双酚A (TBBPA)雌性生殖毒性效应及其机制研究进展[J]. 生物医学, 2026, 16(2): 227-235. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjbm.2026.162024

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