生态系统服务认知对居民遗产地保护行为影响研究——生计资本的双重作用

Research on the Impact of Ecosystem Services Cognition on Residents’ Conservation Behaviors at Heritage Site—The Dual Role of Livelihood Capital

摘要: 随着社会经济快速发展遗产地的矛盾逐渐多元化，如何保护遗产并传承下去成为公众关注焦点。本研究以世界灌溉工程遗产地佛山桑园围为案例地，综合采用回归分析与模糊集定性比较分析探讨生计资本作用下生态系统服务认知对居民遗产地保护行为的影响机理。结果表明：(1) 生态系统服务认知分为供给与水利调节服务、支持与缫丝供给服务、文化与环境支持服务三个维度，遗产地保护行为分为生态与遗产保护行为、文化传承行为两个维度；(2) 生计资本在生态系统服务认知与遗产地保护行为之间起中介作用，但仅限于“支持与缫丝供给服务认知→文化传承行为”路径；(3) 支持与缫丝供给服务认知，文化与环境供给服务认知与生计资本组合更易驱动高水平遗产地保护行为。本研究提出“生计资本中介–组态触发”框架，对遗产地活态保护具有指导意义。

Abstract: With the rapid socio-economic development, the conflicts in heritage sites have become increasingly diversified. How to protect and inherit heritage has attracted widespread public attention. Taking the Sanyuanwei in Foshan, a World Heritage Irrigation Structure, as the research case, this study adopts regression analysis and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the influencing mechanism of residents’ perception of ecosystem services on their heritage site protection behaviors under the effect of livelihood capital. The results indicate that: (1) The perception of ecosystem services is divided into three dimensions: supply and water regulation services, supporting and silk reeling supply services, as well as cultural and environmental supporting services; heritage site protection behaviors are classified into two dimensions: ecological and heritage protection behaviors, and cultural inheritance behaviors. (2) Livelihood capital plays a mediating role between ecosystem service perception and heritage site protection behaviors, which is only significant in the path of “perception of supporting and silk reeling supply services → cultural inheritance behaviors”. (3) The combination of perception of supporting and silk reeling supply services, perception of cultural and environmental supporting services, and livelihood capital is more likely to drive high-level heritage site protection behaviors. This study proposes a framework of “livelihood capital mediation-configuration triggering”, which provides practical guidance for the living conservation of heritage sites.