基于语料库的中英文学文本语言特征对比分析——以《骆驼祥子》与《野性的呼唤》为例

Corpus-Based Comparative Analysis of Linguistic Features in Chinese and English Literary Texts—A Case Study of Rickshaw Boy and The Call of the Wild

摘要: 本研究运用语料库文体学方法，对老舍《骆驼祥子》英译本与杰克·伦敦《野性的呼唤》原文进行对比分析。研究依托自建可比语料库，使用Wordsmith、AntConc等工具，从词汇、句法、语篇层面对平均词长、词汇密度、标准化类符/形符比、高频词、句长及连词使用等参数展开量化统计。在本研究选取的《骆驼祥子》英译本与《野性的呼唤》原文的对比中，观察到前者词汇密度更高，偏好从属连词构建主从复合句，信息承载更密集，符合翻译文本显化特征与现实主义叙事需求；后者的英文原文词汇多样性更强，多用并列连词，句式紧凑、节奏明快，契合自然主义文本的叙事手法。本研究也为文学文本跨语境对比与语言特征研究提供了参考。

Abstract: This study, grounded in corpus-based research methods, conducts a comparative analysis of the linguistic features in Lao She’s Rickshaw Boy and Jack London’s The Call of the Wild across the lexical, syntactic, and discourse levels. By constructing a corpus and employing text analysis tools such as Wordsmith and AntConc, it quantitatively examines parameters including average word length, lexical density, type-token ratio, high-frequency words, sentence length, conjunction usage. In the comparison between the selected English translation of Rickshaw Boy and the original text of The Call of the Wild, it is observed that the former exhibits a higher lexical density, a preference for subordinating conjunctions to construct complex sentences, and denser information load, which aligns with the explicitation features of translated texts and the narrative demands of realism. The latter, as an original English text, shows greater lexical diversity, more frequent use of coordinating conjunctions, and a compact, fast-paced sentence structure, which fits the narrative way of naturalist texts. This study also serves as a reference for the cross-contextual comparison of literary texts and the investigation of linguistic features.