原代人视网膜色素上皮细胞体外培养研究进展综述
Advances in in Vitro Culture of Primary Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
DOI: 10.12677/hjo.2026.152007, PDF,   
作者: 林远烨：华中科技大学同济医学院，湖北 武汉；杨子奇：湖北科技学院口腔与眼视光医学院，湖北 咸宁；刘 欣*：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院眼科，湖北 武汉
关键词: 视网膜色素上皮；原代细胞培养；体外模型；细胞极化；黄斑变性；Retinal Pigment Epithelium； Primary Cell Culture； In Vitro Model； Cell Polarization； Macular Degeneration
摘要: 原代人视网膜色素上皮细胞(hRPE)的体外培养是探索视网膜生理与病理机制、进行药物研发的关键模型，其研究进展对眼科领域具有重要意义。本文系统阐述了hRPE细胞的分离与培养技术，以及维持其体内表型的关键策略，重点剖析了不同培养条件对细胞极化、功能及基因表达谱的调控作用。文章结合前沿研究，探讨了hRPE模型在年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜血管病变等疾病研究中的应用，通过总结现有体外培养体系的优势与局限性，旨在为优化hRPE培养技术、深化相关眼病机制认识及推动转化应用提供参考。
Abstract: The in vitro culture of primary human retinal pigment epithelial cells (hRPEs) serves as a crucial model for exploring the physiological and pathological mechanisms of the retina and conducting drug research and development, and its research progress is of great significance in the field of ophthalmology. This article systematically elaborates the isolation and culture techniques of hRPE cells as well as key strategies for maintaining their in vivo phenotypes, and emphatically analyzes the regulatory effects of different culture conditions on cell polarization, cellular functions and gene expression profiles. Combined with cutting-edge studies, this paper discusses the applications of hRPE models in researches on age-related macular degeneration, retinal vasculopathy and other ocular diseases. By summarizing the advantages and limitations of current in vitro culture systems, it aims to provide references for optimizing hRPE culture protocols, further clarifying the mechanisms of related retinal diseases and promoting translational clinical applications.
文章引用：林远烨, 杨子奇, 刘欣. 原代人视网膜色素上皮细胞体外培养研究进展综述[J]. 眼科学, 2026, 15(2): 57-64. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjo.2026.152007

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