湖泊湿地植被恢复对沉积物碳氮循环及生态系统功能的影响研究进展
Research Progress on the Effects of Vegetation Restoration in Lake Wetlands on Sediment Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling and Ecosystem Functions
DOI: 10.12677/gser.2026.153057, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 黄彬彬, 王 媛, 刘冠成*：山东微山湖湿地生态系统定位观测研究站，山东 济宁；曲阜师范大学生命科学学院，山东 济宁；崔 阳, 孔维健, 张 慧*：山东微山湖湿地生态系统定位观测研究站，山东 济宁；济宁市南四湖自然保护区服务中心，山东 济宁；王庆贵：曲阜师范大学生命科学学院，山东 济宁
关键词: 湖泊湿地；植被恢复；沉积物；碳循环；氮循环；生态系统功能；Lake Wetlands； Vegetation Restoration； Sediments； Carbon Cycle； Nitrogen Cycle； Ecosystem Functions
摘要: 湖泊湿地是水体、植被、沉积物和流域输入共同作用形成的水陆复合生态系统，植被恢复是退化湖滨带、浅水湖泊和退耕还湿区域生态修复的重要措施。本文围绕湖泊湿地植被恢复对沉积物碳氮循环及生态系统功能的影响进行综述，重点分析挺水植物、沉水植物、浮叶植物和湖滨缓冲带植被的生态调控作用。总体来看，植被恢复可通过增加植物残体、根系周转和根系分泌物输入，促进沉积物有机碳积累。同时，通过根际泌氧、沉积物稳定和微生物群落重组，影响有机质分解、碳稳定化以及硝化、反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和DNRA等氮转化过程，并通过铁锰氧化还原和磷吸附–释放等过程调控碳–氮–磷耦合关系。植被恢复还可降低底泥再悬浮和内源营养盐释放风险，提高水体透明度，改善生物栖息地，并增强水质净化、养分保持和生态系统多功能性。然而，其生态效应受植物生活型、群落配置、水位波动、营养盐负荷、底泥性质和后期管理方式共同影响。未来应加强“植物–水体–沉积物–微生物”连续体的长期监测，优化植物群落配置与水文调控，为湖泊湿地生态修复和功能提升提供科学依据。
Abstract: Lake wetlands are water-land composite ecosystems formed by water bodies, vegetation, sediments, and watershed inputs. Vegetation restoration is an important measure for restoring degraded lakeshores, shallow lakes, and areas converted from farmland or aquaculture to wetlands. This review summarizes how emergent, submerged, floating-leaved plants, and lakeshore buffer vegetation regulate sediment carbon and nitrogen cycling and ecosystem functions in lake wetlands. Vegetation restoration promotes sediment organic carbon accumulation by increasing plant residues, root turnover, and root exudates. Through rhizosphere oxygen release, sediment stabilization, and microbial community reorganization, it further affects organic matter decomposition, carbon stabilization, nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and DNRA, and regulates carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus coupling through iron-manganese redox and phosphorus adsorption-release processes. Vegetation restoration can also reduce sediment resuspension and internal nutrient release, improve water transparency and habitats, and enhance water purification, nutrient retention, and ecosystem multifunctionality. Its effects depend on plant life forms, community configuration, water-level fluctuation, nutrient loading, sediment properties, and management. Future studies should strengthen long-term monitoring of the “plant-water-sediment-microorganism” continuum and optimize plant configuration and hydrological regulation.
文章引用：黄彬彬, 王媛, 崔阳, 王庆贵, 孔维健, 张慧, 刘冠成. 湖泊湿地植被恢复对沉积物碳氮循环及生态系统功能的影响研究进展[J]. 地理科学研究, 2026, 15(3): 618-631. https://doi.org/10.12677/gser.2026.153057

参考文献

[1] Dai, T., Liu, R., Zhou, X., Zhang, J., Song, M., Zou, P., et al. (2023) Role of Lake Aquatic-Terrestrial Ecotones in the Ecological Restoration of Eutrophic Water Bodies. Toxics, 11, Article 560. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Zhu, M., Zhu, G., Nurminen, L., Wu, T., Deng, J., Zhang, Y., et al. (2015) The Influence of Macrophytes on Sediment Resuspension and the Effect of Associated Nutrients in a Shallow and Large Lake (Lake Taihu, China). PLOS ONE, 10, e0127915. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Lu, J., Wang, H., Wang, W. and Yin, C. (2007) Vegetation and Soil Properties in Restored Wetlands near Lake Taihu, China. Hydrobiologia, 581, 151-159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] Zedler, J.B. and Kercher, S. (2005) WETLAND RESOURCES: Status, Trends, Ecosystem Services, and Restorability. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 30, 39-74. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] Nahlik, A.M. and Fennessy, M.S. (2016) Carbon Storage in US Wetlands. Nature Communications, 7, Article No. 13835. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Wang, C., Liu, S., Zhang, Y., et al. (2018) Bacterial Communities and Their Predicted Functions Explain the Sediment Nitrogen Changes Along with Submerged Macrophyte Restoration. Microbial Ecology ,76, 625-636. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] 李威, 李吉平, 张银龙, 等. 双碳目标背景下湖泊湿地的生态修复技术[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 46(6): 157-166.
[8] Sondergaard, M., Jensen, P.J. and Jeppesen, E. (2001) Retention and Internal Loading of Phosphorus in Shallow, Eutrophic Lakes. The Scientific World Journal, 1, 427-442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Tammeorg, O., Niemistö, J., Möls, T., Laugaste, R., Panksep, K. and Kangur, K. (2013) Wind-Induced Sediment Resuspension as a Potential Factor Sustaining Eutrophication in Large and Shallow Lake Peipsi. Aquatic Sciences, 75, 559-570. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[10] Finkler Ferreira, T., Crossetti, L.O., Motta Marques, D.M.L., Cardoso, L., Fragoso, C.R. and van Nes, E.H. (2018) The Structuring Role of Submerged Macrophytes in a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake: Clear Effects on Water Chemistry and Phytoplankton Structure Community along a Vegetated-Pelagic Gradient. Limnologica, 69, 142-154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Yarwood, S.A. (2018) The Role of Wetland Microorganisms in Plant-Litter Decomposition and Soil Organic Matter Formation: A Critical Review. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 94, fiy175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Langman, O. and Craft, C. (2018) Carbon and Nutrient (N, P) Cycling of Created and Restored Wetlands. In: Finlayson, C.M., Milton, G.R., Prentice, R.C. and Davidson, N.C., Eds., The Wetland Book, Springer Netherlands, 2009-2016. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] Yu, W., Wang, L., Ma, X., Li, J., Li, Z., Wang, H., et al. (2025) Restoration of Submerged Vegetation Modulates Microbial Communities to Decrease Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loads in Sediment-Water Systems. Water Research, 269, Article 122835. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Wu, H., Hao, B., Cai, Y., Liu, G. and Xing, W. (2021) Effects of Submerged Vegetation on Sediment Nitrogen-Cycling Bacterial Communities in Honghu Lake (China). Science of The Total Environment, 755, Article 142541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Wu, F., An, S., Liu, J., Lu, Y., He, H., Chang, X., et al. (2026) Macrophyte Restoration Alters Sedimentary Organic Matter-Microbes-Environment Interactions and Enhances Carbon Sequestration in Lake Sediment. Water Research, 297, Article 125658. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[16] Guo, Y., Gu, S., Tanentzap, A.J., Wang, P., Li, Q., Wu, K., et al. (2024) Submerged Macrophyte Restoration Enhanced Microbial Carbon Utilization in Shallow Lakes. Science of The Total Environment, 934, Article 173357. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Chen, H., Xing, P., Kao, S., An, S., Mao, Z., Fan, S., et al. (2025) Macrophyte Restoration Promotes Lake Microbial Carbon Pump to Enhance Aquatic Carbon Sequestration. Global Change Biology, 31, e70086. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Horppila, J. and Nurminen, L. (2005) Effects of Different Macrophyte Growth Forms on Sediment and P Resuspension in a Shallow Lake. Hydrobiologia, 545, 167-175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[19] Zhao, D., He, X., Huang, R., Yan, W. and Yu, Z. (2017) Emergent Macrophytes Modify the Abundance and Community Composition of Ammonia Oxidizers in Their Rhizosphere Sediments. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 57, 625-632. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Geurts, J.J.M., Oehmke, C., Lambertini, C., Eller, F., Sorrell, B.K., Mandiola, S.R., et al. (2020) Nutrient Removal Potential and Biomass Production by Phragmites Australis and Typha Latifolia on European Rewetted Peat and Mineral Soils. Science of The Total Environment, 747, Article 141102. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Li, X., Li, Y. and Wu, J. (2023) Different in Root Exudates and Rhizosphere Microorganisms Effect on Nitrogen Removal between Three Emergent Aquatic Plants in Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands. Chemosphere, 337, Article 139422. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Horppila, J. and Nurminen, L. (2003) Effects of Submerged Macrophytes on Sediment Resuspension and Internal Phosphorus Loading in Lake Hiidenvesi (Southern Finland). Water Research, 37, 4468-4474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Scheffer, M., Szabó, S., Gragnani, A., van Nes, E.H., Rinaldi, S., Kautsky, N., et al. (2003) Floating Plant Dominance as a Stable State. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100, 4040-4045. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Xu, L., Cheng, S., Zhuang, P., Xie, D., Li, S., Liu, D., et al. (2020) Assessment of the Nutrient Removal Potential of Floating Native and Exotic Aquatic Macrophytes Cultured in Swine Manure Wastewater. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, Article 1103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Pausch, J. and Kuzyakov, Y. (2018) Carbon Input by Roots into the Soil: Quantification of Rhizodeposition from Root to Ecosystem Scale. Global Change Biology, 24, 1-12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Cotrufo, M.F., Wallenstein, M.D., Boot, C.M., Denef, K. and Paul, E. (2013) The Microbial Efficiency-Matrix Stabilization (MEMS) Framework Integrates Plant Litter Decomposition with Soil Organic Matter Stabilization: Do Labile Plant Inputs form Stable Soil Organic Matter? Global Change Biology, 19, 988-995. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Kallenbach, C.M., Frey, S.D. and Grandy, A.S. (2016) Direct Evidence for Microbial-Derived Soil Organic Matter Formation and Its Ecophysiological Controls. Nature Communications, 7, Article No. 13630. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Ding, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, G., Chen, S., Sun, T., Sun, H., et al. (2023) The Contribution of Wetland Plant Litter to Soil Carbon Pool: Decomposition Rates and Priming Effects. Environmental Research, 224, Article 115575. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Christensen, P.B., Revsbech, N.P. and Sand-Jensen, K. (1994) Microsensor Analysis of Oxygen in the Rhizosphere of the Aquatic Macrophyte Littorella uniflora (L.) Ascherson. Plant Physiology, 105, 847-852. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Jiménez, J.d.l.C., Pellegrini, E., Pedersen, O. and Nakazono, M. (2021) Radial Oxygen Loss from Plant Roots—Methods. Plants, 10, Article 2322. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Bodelier, P., Libochant, J.A., Blom, C. and Laanbroek, H.J. (1996) Dynamics of Nitrification and Denitrification in Root-Oxygenated Sediments and Adaptation of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria to Low-Oxygen or Anoxic Habitats. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62, 4100-4107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Wu, C., Ye, Z., Li, H., Wu, S., Deng, D., Zhu, Y., et al. (2012) Do Radial Oxygen Loss and External Aeration Affect Iron Plaque Formation and Arsenic Accumulation and Speciation in Rice? Journal of Experimental Botany, 63, 2961-2970. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Hilt, S., Alirangues Nuñez, M.M., Bakker, E.S., Blindow, I., Davidson, T.A., Gillefalk, M., et al. (2018) Response of Submerged Macrophyte Communities to External and Internal Restoration Measures in North Temperate Shallow Lakes. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, Article ID: 194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Kissoon, L.T.T., Jacob, D.L., Hanson, M.A., Herwig, B.R., Bowe, S.E. and Otte, M.L. (2015) Multi-Elements in Waters and Sediments of Shallow Lakes: Relationships with Water, Sediment, and Watershed Characteristics. Wetlands, 35, 443-457. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Baumann, K.B.L., Thoma, R., Callbeck, C.M., Niederdorfer, R., Schubert, C.J., Müller, B., et al. (2022) Microbial Nitrogen Transformation Potential in Sediments of Two Contrasting Lakes Is Spatially Structured but Seasonally Stable. mSphere, 7, e0101321. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Zhao, D., Liu, P., Fang, C., Sun, Y., Zeng, J., Wang, J., et al. (2013) Submerged Macrophytes Modify Bacterial Community Composition in Sediments in a Large, Shallow, Freshwater Lake. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 59, 237-244. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Ren, Z., Qu, X., Peng, W., Yu, Y. and Zhang, M. (2019) Nutrients Drive the Structures of Bacterial Communities in Sediments and Surface Waters in the River-Lake System of Poyang Lake. Water, 11, Article 930. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[38] Xie, R., Chang, M., Gao, Y. and Chen, Y. (2025) Submerged Macrophyte Restoration Drives Microbial Community Reassembly and Functional Adaptation for Synergistic Water Quality Improvement. Total Environment Microbiology, 1, Article 100048. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[39] Zhu, H., Jiang, M., Zhou, N., Jiang, C. and Liu, S. (2021) Submerged Macrophytes Recruit Unique Microbial Communities and Drive Functional Zonation in an Aquatic System. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 105, 7517-7528. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] Karus, K., Zagars, M., Agasild, H., Tuvikene, A., Zingel, P., Puncule, L., et al. (2022) The Influence of Macrophyte Ecological Groups on Food Web Components of Temperate Freshwater Lakes. Aquatic Botany, 183, Article 103571. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Schuster, L., Trevathan-Tackett, S., Carnell, P., Morris, K., Mole, B. and Malerba, M.E. (2025) Restoring Riparian Wetlands for Carbon and Nitrogen Benefits and Other Critical Ecosystem Functions. Journal of Environmental Management, 391, Article 126433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] Yu, L., Huang, Y., Sun, F. and Sun, W. (2017) A Synthesis of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Recovery after Wetland Restoration and Creation in the United States. Scientific Reports, 7, Article No. 7966. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[43] Moreno-Mateos, D., Power, M.E., Comín, F.A. and Yockteng, R. (2012) Structural and Functional Loss in Restored Wetland Ecosystems. PLOS Biology, 10, e1001247. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] Meli, P., Rey Benayas, J.M., Balvanera, P. and Martínez Ramos, M. (2014) Restoration Enhances Wetland Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Supply, but Results Are Context-Dependent: A Meta-Analysis. PLOS ONE, 9, e93507. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[45] Tangen, B.A. and Bansal, S. (2020) Soil Organic Carbon Stocks and Sequestration Rates of Inland, Freshwater Wetlands: Sources of Variability and Uncertainty. Science of The Total Environment, 749, Article 141444. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Valach, A.C., Kasak, K., Hemes, K.S., Anthony, T.L., Dronova, I., Taddeo, S., et al. (2021) Productive Wetlands Restored for Carbon Sequestration Quickly Become Net CO2 Sinks with Site-Level Factors Driving Uptake Variability. PLOS ONE, 16, e0248398. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Mitsch, W.J., Zhang, L., Waletzko, E. and Bernal, B. (2014) Validation of the Ecosystem Services of Created Wetlands: Two Decades of Plant Succession, Nutrient Retention, and Carbon Sequestration in Experimental Riverine Marshes. Ecological Engineering, 72, 11-24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[48] 袁洁, 赵晏强. 基于Web of Science数据库的湿地修复研究发展态势分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(7): 1541-1548.
[49] Zheng, J., Wang, L. and Li, C. (2023) Trends and Hotspots in Riparian Restoration Research: A Global Bibliometric Analysis during 1990-2022. Forests, 14, Article 2205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[50] Gao, J. and Hu, W. (2023) A Bibliometric Analysis of Lake Restoration with Submerged Macrophytes. Water, 15, Article 2411. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[51] Batista, G.d.S., Rocha, E.G., de Lacerda, M.C., Macêdo Barros Filho, M.N. and Calheiros, C.S.C. (2025) Applications of Floating Treatment Wetlands for Remediation of Rainwater and Polluted Waters: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 33, Article No. 27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[52] Pan, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, M., Huang, P., Hipesy, M., Dai, L., et al. (2024) The Below-Ground Biomass Contributes More to Wetland Soil Carbon Pools than the Above-Ground Biomass—A Survey Based on Global Wetlands. Journal of Plant Ecology, 17, rtae017. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[53] Sokol, N.W., Sanderman, J. and Bradford, M.A. (2018) Pathways of Mineral‐Associated Soil Organic Matter Formation: Integrating the Role of Plant Carbon Source, Chemistry, and Point of Entry. Global Change Biology, 25, 12-24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[54] Villarino, S.H., Pinto, P., Jackson, R.B. and Piñeiro, G. (2021) Plant Rhizodeposition: A Key Factor for Soil Organic Matter Formation in Stable Fractions. Science Advances, 7, eabd3176. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[55] Grasset, C., Abril, G., Mendonça, R., Roland, F. and Sobek, S. (2019) The Transformation of Macrophyte‐Derived Organic Matter to Methane Relates to Plant Water and Nutrient Contents. Limnology and Oceanography, 64, 1737-1749. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[56] Xu, S., Liu, X., Li, X. and Tian, C. (2019) Soil Organic Carbon Changes Following Wetland Restoration: A Global Meta-analysis. Geoderma, 353, 89-96. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[57] Tamura, M., Suseela, V., Simpson, M., Powell, B. and Tharayil, N. (2017) Plant Litter Chemistry Alters the Content and Composition of Organic Carbon Associated with Soil Mineral and Aggregate Fractions in Invaded Ecosystems. Global Change Biology, 23, 4002-4018. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[58] Hemingway, J.D., Rothman, D.H., Grant, K.E., Rosengard, S.Z., Eglinton, T.I., Derry, L.A., et al. (2019) Mineral Protection Regulates Long-Term Global Preservation of Natural Organic Carbon. Nature, 570, 228-231. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[59] Xu, Z. and Tsang, D.C.W. (2024) Mineral-Mediated Stability of Organic Carbon in Soil and Relevant Interaction Mechanisms. Eco-Environment & Health, 3, 59-76. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[60] Scheffer, M. (2001) Alternative Attractors of Shallow Lakes. The Scientific World Journal, 1, 254-263. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[61] Chapman, S.K., Hayes, M.A., Kelly, B. and Langley, J.A. (2019) Exploring the Oxygen Sensitivity of Wetland Soil Carbon Mineralization. Biology Letters, 15, Article 20180407. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[62] Weise, L., Ulrich, A., Moreano, M., Gessler, A., E. Kayler, Z., Steger, K., et al. (2016) Water Level Changes Affect Carbon Turnover and Microbial Community Composition in Lake Sediments. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 92, fiw035. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[63] He, Y., Song, N. and Jiang, H.L. (2018) Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter Leaching from Macrophyte Litter on Black Water Events in Shallow Lakes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 9928-9939. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[64] Zhou, X., He, Z., Ding, F., Li, L. and Stoffella, P.J. (2018) Biomass Decaying and Elemental Release of Aquatic Macrophyte Detritus in Waterways of the Indian River Lagoon Basin, South Florida, Usa. Science of The Total Environment, 635, 878-891. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[65] Andersen, T.K., Nielsen, A., Jeppesen, E., Hu, F., Bolding, K., Liu, Z., et al. (2020) Predicting Ecosystem State Changes in Shallow Lakes Using an Aquatic Ecosystem Model: Lake Hinge, Denmark, an Example. Ecological Applications, 30, e02160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[66] Garcia-Robledo, E., Bohorquez, J., Corzo, A., Jimenez-Arias, J.L. and Papaspyrou, S. (2016) Dynamics of Inorganic Nutrients in Intertidal Sediments: Porewater, Exchangeable, and Intracellular Pools. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, Article ID: 761. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[67] Tao, W. (2018) Microbial Removal and Plant Uptake of Nitrogen in Constructed Wetlands: Mesocosm Tests on Influencing Factors. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 36425-36437. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[68] Wu, H., Zhang, J., Wei, R., Liang, S., Li, C. and Xie, H. (2013) Nitrogen Transformations and Balance in Constructed Wetlands for Slightly Polluted River Water Treatment Using Different Macrophytes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20, 443-451. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[69] Hernández-del Amo, E., Dolinová, I., la Ramis-Jorba, G., Gich, F. and Bañeras, L. (2020) Limited Effect of Radial Oxygen Loss on Ammonia Oxidizers in Typha Angustifolia Root Hairs. Scientific Reports, 10, Article No. 15694. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[70] Müller, B., Thoma, R., Baumann, K.B.L., Callbeck, C.M. and Schubert, C.J. (2021) Nitrogen Removal Processes in Lakes of Different Trophic States from On-Site Measurements and Historic Data. Aquatic Sciences, 83, Article No. 37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[71] Sun, H., Xu, S., Wu, S., Wang, R., Zhuang, G., Bai, Z., et al. (2019) Enhancement of Facultative Anaerobic Denitrifying Communities by Oxygen Release from Roots of the Macrophyte in Constructed Wetlands. Journal of Environmental Management, 246, 157-163. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[72] Zhang, P., Peng, Y., Lu, J., Li, J., Chen, H. and Xiao, L. (2018) Microbial Communities and Functional Genes of Nitrogen Cycling in an Electrolysis Augmented Constructed Wetland Treating Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent. Chemosphere, 211, 25-33. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[73] Jiang, X., Liu, C., Cai, J., Hu, Y., Shao, K., Tang, X., et al. (2023) Relationships between Environmental Factors and N-Cycling Microbes Reveal the Indirect Effect of Further Eutrophication on Denitrification and DNRA in Shallow Lakes. Water Research, 245, Article 120572. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[74] Pandey, C.B., Kumar, U., Kaviraj, M., Minick, K.J., Mishra, A.K. and Singh, J.S. (2020) DNRA: A Short-Circuit in Biological N-Cycling to Conserve Nitrogen in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Science of The Total Environment, 738, Article 139710. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[75] Ye, F., Duan, L., Sun, Y., Yang, F., Liu, R., Gao, F., et al. (2023) Nitrogen Removal in Freshwater Sediments of Riparian Zone: N-Loss Pathways and Environmental Controls. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, Article ID: 1239055. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[76] Bu, C., Wang, Y., Ge, C., Ahmad, H.A., Gao, B. and Ni, S. (2017) Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium in the Yellow River Estuary: Rates, Abundance, and Community Diversity. Scientific Reports, 7, Article No. 6830. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[77] Li, X., Song, C., Zhou, Z., Xiao, J., Wang, S., Yang, L., et al. (2020) Comparison of Community and Function of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium (DNRA) Bacteria in Chinese Shallow Lakes with Different Eutrophication Degrees. Water, 12, Article 174. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[78] Handler, A.M., Suchy, A.K. and Grimm, N.B. (2022) Denitrification and DNRA in Urban Accidental Wetlands in Phoenix, Arizona. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 127, e2021JG006552. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[79] Coban, O., Kuschk, P., Wells, N.S., Strauch, G. and Knoeller, K. (2015) Microbial Nitrogen Transformation in Constructed Wetlands Treating Contaminated Groundwater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22, 12829-12839. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[80] Christensen, K.K. and Andersen, F.Ø. (1998) Interferences between Root Plaque Formation and Phosphorus Availability for Isoetes Lacustris. Plant and Soil, 203, 239-249.
[81] Shi, W., Qin, B., Zhang, Q., Paerl, H.W., Van Dam, B., Jeppesen, E., et al. (2024) Global Lake Phytoplankton Proliferation Intensifies Climate Warming. Nature Communications, 15, Article No. 10572. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[82] Carpenter, S.R. (2008) Phosphorus Control Is Critical to Mitigating Eutrophication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 11039-11040. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

为你推荐