图文转译：以迟子建小说跨媒介改编为例

Intersemiotic Translation: A Case Study of Cross-Media Adaptations of Chi Zijian’s Novels

摘要: 迟子建作为当代重要作家，其作品的影视化改编数量和相关学术研究却远少于同量级作家。这一现象源于其小说弱情节的散文化结构、多感官沉浸式的物性书写以及民族志式的集体记忆叙事，这些文本特质在向影像媒介转译时构成了一种抵抗，使迟子建小说跨媒介改编成为研究图文转译的典型样本。对《额尔古纳河右岸》《踏着月光的行板》《布基兰小站的腊八夜》三部小说影视化改编的探究表明，改编者须在情节取舍、人物视觉化呈现与意象影像转译之间做出策略性调适，而这些调适指向了文字与影像两种媒介在感官体验、叙事时间与符号表意维度上的异构性。在接受层面，受众从“静默读者”转变为“感官接收者”，民族记忆的精神厚度在转译中有所减弱。但图文转译的意义不应仅从“损耗”的角度来判定，更在于跨媒介转译过程中激发出的创造性转化与新的美学可能。这一认识有助于在理论上深化对跨媒介转译与图文关系的理解，也为探索文学作品的跨媒介改编提供可参照的视角。

Abstract: Although Chi Zijian is a contemporary Chinese writer of considerable stature, the number of screen adaptations of her work and related academic inquiries remains notably limited compared to her peers. This phenomenon is rooted in the textual specificities of her novels: a loose, essayistic narrative structure, a multi-sensory and immersive material writing, and an ethnographic narrative of collective memory. When transposed to the visual medium, these features constitute a form of resistance, making the cross-media adaptation of Chi Zijian’s novels a representative case for examining intersemiotic translation. An investigation into the screen adaptations of The Last Quarter of the Moon, Walking to the Moonlight Andante, and Laba Night at Bukilan Station shows that adapters must make strategic adjustments in plot selection, visual representation of characters, and the translation of imagery into visual signs. These adjustments point to the heterogeneity between textual and visual media in terms of sensory experience, narrative time, and symbolic signification. At the reception level, the audience shifts from “silent reader” to “sensory receiver,” and the spiritual depth of ethnic memory is weakened in the process of translation. However, the meaning of intersemiotic translation should not be judged solely from the perspective of “loss”; rather, it lies in the creative transformation and new aesthetic possibilities stimulated during cross-media translation. This understanding helps deepen theoretical insights into intersemiotic translation and word-image relations, and also offers a referential perspective for exploring cross-media adaptations of literary works.