东周鎏金嵌琉璃龙凤鐏功用考

A Study on the Functions of the Gilt and Glass-Inlaid Dragon and Phoenix Zun from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty

摘要: 东周鎏金嵌琉璃龙凤鐏现藏于纳尔逊–阿特金斯艺术博物馆，器身镶嵌“蜻蜓眼”式玻璃珠，因器表装饰风格与洛阳金村出土的一批器物装饰风格相似，传为洛阳金村东周大墓出土。以往学界大多将目光聚焦于青铜兵器本身的演进、装饰和象征意义，而对于鐏这类作为兵器饰件的装饰器物的研究和讨论较少。本文研究论述的这件东周鎏金嵌琉璃龙凤鐏较同一时期的其他鐏在出土数量、器物尺寸、器身装饰、器表工艺方面较为特殊，于是对该器物的装饰风格以及器表镶嵌物的材质进行梳理分析，认为这件器物具有金村器物群的典型风格特征，且该器物具有礼仪象征性，系礼仪用器。除此之外本文从鐏类器物的兵器功能属性与銎孔形状的关系角度进行论证，认为器物銎孔的形状受制于兵器的具体功能。

Abstract: The gilt and glass-inlaid dragon and phoenix Zun from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is currently housed in the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art. The body of the vessel is inlaid with “dragonfly eye” glass beads. Due to the similarity of its surface decoration style to a group of artifacts unearthed from the Eastern Zhou tombs in Jincun, Luoyang, it is said to have been unearthed from the Eastern Zhou tombs in Jincun, Luoyang. In the past, most academic research focused on the evolution, decoration, and symbolic meaning of bronze weapons themselves, while there was less research and discussion on decorative objects such as Zun, which are used as weapon ornaments. The gilt and glass-inlaid dragon and phoenix Zun from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty discussed in this paper is quite special in terms of the number of unearthed pieces, the size of the artifact, the body decoration, and the surface craftsmanship compared to other Zun of the same period. Therefore, this paper combs and analyzes the decorative style of this artifact and the materials of the inlays on its surface, and concludes that this artifact has the typical style characteristics of the Jincun artifact group and is a ritual utensil with symbolic meaning. In addition, this paper demonstrates from the perspective of the relationship between the weapon function attributes of Zun-type artifacts and the shape of the socket, arguing that the shape of the socket of the artifact is restricted by the specific function of the weapon.