弗洛姆消费异化理论及其当代价值

Erich Fromm’s Theory of Consumer Alienation and Its Contemporary Value

摘要: 工业革命和资本主义的发展，一方面，极大地解放了社会生产力、丰富了社会物质财富，另一方面，以资本增殖为根本目的的资本主义生产方式，使异化现象蔓延至社会的方方面面。消费社会的出现，使社会生产生活方式转向重消费，由此产生的个人消费行为异化、社会资料过剩、生态环境遭到消费主义严重破坏等问题接踵而至。资本作为社会主义市场经济的重要生产要素，在激发消费活力方面发挥着重要作用，但也助长了消费主义。因此，消费在我国经济发展中，也呈现出促进经济增长与沦为消费主义附庸的双重属性。因此，把握弗洛姆消费异化理论，对于指导我国建设更加文明、健康、绿色的消费体系具有重要指导意义。

Abstract: The Industrial Revolution and the development of capitalism have, on the one hand, greatly liberated social productive forces and enriched material wealth; on the other hand, the capitalist mode of production, driven by capital accumulation as its fundamental purpose, has caused the phenomenon of alienation to permeate every aspect of society. The emergence of the consumer society has shifted social production and lifestyles toward a consumption-centric orientation, giving rise to a host of problems, including the alienation of individual consumption behavior, excessive accumulation of material resources, and severe ecological damage inflicted by consumerism. As an important factor of production in the socialist market economy, capital plays a significant role in stimulating consumption vitality, yet it also fosters consumerism. Consequently, consumption in China’s economic development exhibits a dual nature: it promotes economic growth while simultaneously becoming subservient to consumerism. Therefore, a thorough understanding of Erich Fromm’s theory of consumer alienation holds significant guiding value for directing China in building a more civilized, healthy, and green consumption system.