《红楼梦》中的“宽”“窄”隐喻研究

A Study on the Metaphors of “Kuan” (Wide) and “Zhai” (Narrow) in A Dream of Red Mansions

摘要: 空间词汇的隐喻研究一直是国内学术界的重点研究方向，但相关研究主要呈现在方向词和位置词方面，对描述事物空间属性的空间维度词的探索尚显不足。本文从认知视角出发研究汉语的空间隐喻，借助绍兴大学《红楼梦》平行语料库的“宽”和“窄”语料做量化分析。研究发现，在基本义研究方面，本文从辞书释义、维度义和面积义三个主要角度进行研究；在隐喻义研究方面，本文将语料归类并划分为范围域、心理域、政策域、经济域和动作域，进行语义的衍生研究；在文本应用研究方面，重点关注“宽”“窄”在权力关系与人物塑造中的叙事功能。本研究立足于空间维度词的研究，为“宽”“窄”的语义研究拓宽思路，将语言学中的隐喻研究与具体文本研究相结合，助力语义学的多角度理论研究，提供更为新颖的隐喻研究交叉视角。

Abstract: Research on metaphors of spatial vocabulary has long been a key research focus in domestic academia. Nevertheless, existing studies mainly concentrate on directional and locational words, while explorations of spatial‑dimension words that describe the spatial attributes of objects remain insufficient. From a cognitive perspective, this paper investigates Chinese spatial metaphors and conducts quantitative analysis on the corpus of “kuan” (wide) and “zhai” (narrow) drawn from the parallel corpus of A Dream of Red Mansions of Shaoxing University. In terms of literal meanings, this research proceeds from three dimensions: dictionary definitions, dimensional sense and area sense. For metaphorical meanings, the corpus is classified into five domains: scope, psychology, policy, economy and action, so as to explore semantic extension. Concerning textual application, special attention is paid to the narrative functions of “kuan” (wide) and “zhai” (narrow) in power relations and character depiction. Centering on spatial‑dimension words, this study expands horizons for semantic research on “kuan” (wide) and “zhai” (narrow). It integrates linguistic metaphor research with concrete textual analysis, facilitates multi‑faceted theoretical research in semantics, and offers an innovative interdisciplinary perspective for metaphor studies.