铜绿微囊藻对枝角类多刺裸腹溞摄食行为的影响

Effect of Microcystis aeruginosa on Feeding Behavior of Cladocera Moina macrocopa

摘要: 铜绿微囊藻是淡水最普遍存在的易产藻毒素的蓝藻种类，枝角类是渔业水域中最重要藻食性生物之一，也是水体次级生产力生物群落的重要组成部分，铜绿微囊藻对枝角类的摄食行为生态的研究有利于了解水产生态系统的生产效率运行机制。本文研究了铜绿微囊藻对枝角类多刺裸腹溞摄食行为的影响，结果表明铜绿微囊藻对多刺裸腹溞的摄食行为和生存状况均有显著的负面影响，即随着铜绿微囊藻密度升高，多刺裸腹溞的滤水速度显著降低，而滤食率增加，从而导致多刺裸腹溞生命力显著下降、致死时间变短。在高密度(1.2 × 10⁷ cells/mL)的铜绿微藻组多刺裸腹溞的滤水速度和滤食率下降最快,且多刺裸腹溞在24 h后全部死亡，而中密度(5.0 × 10⁶ cells/mL)的铜绿微藻组多刺裸腹溞在32 h后全部死亡,低密度(5.0 × 10⁵ cells/mL)的铜绿微藻组多刺裸腹溞在40 h的滤水速度(0.030 mL/溞/h)比最初的滤水速度(0.150 mL/溞/h)慢了80%，在40 h的滤食率(175.6 cells/溞/h)比最初的滤食率(397.2 cells/溞/h)少了55.8%。

Abstract: Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the most ubiquitous cyanobacteria, which easily produce algal toxin. Cladocera is one of the most important algae-feeding organisms, and is also the important part of secondary production organism community. The study of behavior ecology of cladocera feeding on Microcystins aeruginosa could help better understand how the production efficiency of fishery eco-system is going on. The feeding behavior of cladocera Moina macrocopa on M. aeruginosa was studied in this paper. The results showed that M. aeruginosa made significantly negative effect on the feeding behavior and living conditions of M. macrocopa, i.e., the drainage rate of M. macrocopa on M. aeruginosa was decreased, the filter feeding rate of M. macrocopa on M. aeruginosa increased, the lethal time would be shorter of M. macrocopa with the density of M. aeruginosa increased. The drainage rate and the filter feeding rate of M. macrocopa in the highest density (1.2 × 10⁷ cells/mL) M. aeruginosa group decreased fastest than the middle density (5.0 × 10⁶ cells/mL) group and the lowest density (5.0 × 10⁵ cells/mL) group; and all individuals of M. macrocopa died within 24 h in the highest density group; all individuals of M. macrocopa died within 32 h in the middle density group. For the lowest density group, the drainage rate (0.030 mL/water flea/h) of M. macrocopa slowed 80% at 40 h than the first drainage rate (0.150 mL/water flea/h) at 4 h; the filter feeding rate (175.6 cells/water flea/h) of M. macrocopa was 55.8% less at 40 h than the first filter feeding rate (397.2 cells/water flea/h) at 4 h.