中国西南特有高山花卉半荷包紫堇核型的首次研究报道
A Karyomorphological Analysis on the Endemic Species Corydalis hemidicentra in the Southwest China for the First Time
DOI: 10.12677/BR.2018.74050, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 林桐司骐, 任艳, 苏富明, 李志敏*：云南师范大学生命科学学院，生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心，云南 昆明；孙文光*：云南师范大学生命科学学院，生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心，云南 昆明；中国科学院东亚生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室，云南 昆明
关键词: 半荷包紫堇；核型；随体染色体；高山花卉；Corydalis hemidicentra； Karyotype； Satellite Chromosome； Alpine Flower
摘要: 利用植物常规压片法对中国西南横断山区特有高山花卉半荷包紫堇(Corydalis hemidicentra)两个居群的核型进行首次研究报道。结果表明：半荷包紫堇两个居群体细胞有丝分裂中期均有16条染色体，染色体基数x = 8，为二倍体植物，核型公式基本相同都为2n = 2x = 16 = 16m，两居群的核型不对称性均为1A型；其中发现天宝山居群在6号染色体短臂上常伴有随体染色体，白马雪山居群随体染色体不常见；两居群植物大部分个体的叶色均与其生境背景相似。本研究结果可以为紫堇属植物多倍化现象的讨论提供参考资料；同时，也为高山花卉半荷包紫堇的开发利用与保护提供细胞学资料。
Abstract: In this study, we reported the karyomorphological characteristics of the endemic species Corydalis hemidicentra from two different populations of southwest China, which was carried out for the first time. By using the plant root tip cytology research method, the results of C. hemidicentra showed that the karyotype formulas is 2n = 2x = 16 = 16m, and the base chromosome number is x = 8, and the karyotype asymmetry is 1A type. A number of satellite chromosomes attaching to the short arms of the sixth chromosomes were observed in Tianbao Mountain population, which was hardly seen in Baima Snow Mountain population. The leaf colours of two different populations matched with their corresponding habitat background, respectively. Our study can provide the karyomorphological characteristics data that may be useful in discussing the polyploidization phenomena among Corydalis and exploiting the alpine flower resources of C. hemidicentra.
文章引用：林桐司骐, 任艳, 苏富明, 孙文光, 李志敏. 中国西南特有高山花卉半荷包紫堇核型的首次研究报道[J]. 植物学研究, 2018, 7(4): 418-424. https://doi.org/10.12677/BR.2018.74050

参考文献

[1] 中国科学院中国植物志编委会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1999, 32: 374.
[2] 吴征镒, 庄璇, 苏志云. 论紫堇属的系统演化与区系发生和区系分区的关系[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 1996, 18(3): 241-267.
[3] 吴征镒, 苏志云. 中国紫堇属伞花紫堇组的初步研究[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 1982, 4(1): 3-8.
[4] Niu, Y., Chen, Z., Stevens, M., et al. (2017) Divergence in Cryptic Leaf Colour Provides Local Camouflage in an Alpine Plant. Proceedings B Royal Society, 284, Article ID: 20171654. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] 崔红梅. 海拔梯度上6种高山典型垫状植物叶片形态和结构特征对高寒环境的适应特征[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2016.
[6] 张渝华. 浙江发现野生延胡索六倍体居群[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 1996(2): 63-64.
[7] 张渝华, 管启良, 张毓芳, 等. 几种药用植物染色体数目报告[J]. 中国中药杂志, 1990, 15(11).
[8] 张渝华, 傅承新. 浙江产三种紫堇的核型报道[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 1992(4): 454-456.
[9] 张渝华, 傅承新. 紫堇属3种1变种的染色体数目[J]. 植物科学学报, 1993, 11(4): 383-384.
[10] 张渝华, 邱江峰. 7种国产野生经济植物的染色体数目[J]. 植物科学学报, 1995, 13(2): 183-184.
[11] Lidén, M. (1996) New Taxa of Tuberous Corydalis (Fumariaceae). Willdenowia, 26, 23-35.
[12] Fukuhara, T. (1991) Corydalis kushiroensis, a New Species of Corydalis (Papaveraceae; Fumarioideae) from Hokkaido (Northern Japan). Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica, 42, 107-112.
[13] Zhang, M.L., Su, Z.Y. and Lidén, M. (2008) Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing, 313-314.
[14] 李懋学, 陈瑞阳. 关于植物核型分析的标准化问题[J]. 武汉植物学研究, 1985, 3(4): 297-302.
[15] Levan, A., Fredga, K. and Sandberg, A.A. (1964) Nomenclature for Centromeric Position on Chromosomes. Hereditas, 52, 201-220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[16] Altinordu, F., Peruzzi, L., Yu, Y. and He, X.J. (2016) A Tool for the Analysis of Chromosomes: Karyotype. Taxon, 65, 586-592. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] Arano, H. (1963) Cytological Studies in Subfamily Carduoideae (Compositae) of Japan IX. Botanical Magazine, 76, 32-39. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Paszko, B. (2006) A Critical Review and a New Proposal of Karyotype Asymmetry Indices. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 258, 39-48. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[19] Peruzzi, L. and Altinordu, F. (2014) A Proposal for a Multivariate Quantitative Approach to Infer Karyological Relationships among Taxa. Comparative Cytogenetics, 8, 337-349. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] Peruzzi, L. and Eroğlu, H.E. (2013) Karyotype Asymmetry: Again, How to Measure and What to Measure? Comparative Cytogenetics, 7, 1-9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Astuti, G., Roma-marzio, F. and Peruzzi, L. (2017) Traditional Karyo-morphological Studies: Can They Still Provide a Solid Basis in Plant Systematics? Floral Mediterranea, 27, 91-98.
[22] Stebbins, G.L. (1971) Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. Edward Arnold.
[23] Tanaka, R. (1971) Types of Resting Nuclei in Orchidaceae. Botanical Magazine, 84, 118-122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[24] 张宇澄, 何兴金, 王强, 等. 12种中国葱属植物的核型分析[J]. 西北植物学报, 2008, 28(10): 2138-2143.
[25] 尚宗燕, 李汝娟, 崔铁成, 等. 八种国产葱属植物染色体研究[J]. 植物分类学报, 1997, 35(5): 434-444.
[26] 黄荣福, 沈颂东, 卢学峰. 青藏高原东北部植物染色体数目和多倍性研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 1996, 16(3): 310-318.