大学生拖延行为与焦虑的关系研究：归因方式的中介效应分析

The Relationship between Procrastination and Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Attributional Style

摘要: 当代大学生作为特殊的社会群体，他们处于从校园迈入社会的过渡期，肩上背负着家人、师长、社会的期待，心理发展具有半成熟的特性，在这样复杂的背景下可能就会使他们养成不良的行为习惯，而拖延行为就作为其中之一影响着大学生的心理健康。以往对拖延行为影响因素的研究较多集中在时间管理倾向、完美主义等方面，近几年开始关注拖延行为与焦虑情绪间的关系研究，但关于两者间关系的看法众说纷纭，有研究认为焦虑即是导致拖延行为产生的原因，又是拖延行为的影响结果，而对于归因方式在两者间的中介效应分析就更少涉及。本研究通过自陈量表形式对济南某大学在校本科生进行问卷调查，采用方差分析、差异检验、相关分析和回归分析等方法，研究大学生拖延行为状态焦虑间的相关关系，以及考察归因方式是否存在中介作用。研究结果显示：大学生普遍存在中等程度的拖延行为和状态焦虑；唤起性拖延在专业上存在显著差异，状态焦虑的性别差异显著；回避性拖延与状态焦虑间呈显著负相关，归因方式外控性在其中发挥中介作用。

Abstract: College students, as a special social group, are in the transition from campus into society and burdened with expectations from family members, teachers and society. And their psychological development presents half-baked features. In such a complex context, they might develop bad habits, so procrastination as one of them affects the mental health of college students. In the past studies, researchers more focus on the effect factors of procrastination such as time management and perfectionism or other aspects. In recent years, researchers begin concern about the relationship between procrastination and anxiety. However, on the views, different researchers have different views. Some researchers think anxiety leads to delay behavior, but others think anxiety is the result of delay behavior. And the mediating effects analysis of attributional style between procrastination and anxiety is involved. In this study, college students were randomly selected from university in Jinan by using “Arousal Procrastination Scale”, “Avoidant Procrastination Scale”, MMCS and STAI to collect data, and then using SPSS17.0 to analyze the data collected by an independent sample T test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis to study the relationship between procrastination and anxiety of college students, and if attributional style exists mediating effect. Study results showed that university students generally have moderate procrastination and anxiety; arousal procrastination has significant differences in the profession; anxiety has significant differences in sex; avoidance procrastination and state anxiety are negatively related and attributional style has mediating effect.